GCC 10 diagnoses only one out of the three invalid uses of the unterminated array below.  The strlen pass "knows" the number of non-zero characters in each of the local arrays and it also knows it's equal to the size of the array so it has all it needs to diagnose the calls.

The problem is the same with other string functions (e.g., strlen or sprintf) so a complete fix should extend the warning to all of them.

$ cat t.c && gcc -O2 -S -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -fdump-tree-optimized=/dev/stdout t.c
const char a[4] = { '1', '2', '3', '4' };

void f0 (char *d)
{
  __builtin_strcpy (d, a);   // warning (good)
}

void f1 (char *d)
{
  const char a[4] = { '1', '2', '3', '4' };
  __builtin_strcpy (d, a);   // missing warning
}

void f2 (char *d)
{
  __builtin_strcpy (d, (char[4]){ '1', '2', '3', '4' });   // missing warning
}
t.c: In function ‘f0’:
t.c:5:3: warning: ‘strcpy’ argument missing terminating nul [-Wstringop-overflow=]
    5 |   __builtin_strcpy (d, a);   // warning (good)
      |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
t.c:1:12: note: referenced argument declared here
    1 | const char a[4] = { '1', '2', '3', '4' };
      |            ^

;; Function f0 (f0, funcdef_no=0, decl_uid=1931, cgraph_uid=1, symbol_order=1)

f0 (char * d)
{
  <bb 2> [local count: 1073741824]:
  __builtin_strcpy (d_2(D), &a); [tail call]
  return;

}



;; Function f1 (f1, funcdef_no=1, decl_uid=1934, cgraph_uid=2, symbol_order=2)

f1 (char * d)
{
  const char a[4];

  <bb 2> [local count: 1073741824]:
  a = "1234";
  __builtin_strcpy (d_3(D), &a);
  a ={v} {CLOBBER};
  return;

}



;; Function f2 (f2, funcdef_no=2, decl_uid=1938, cgraph_uid=3, symbol_order=3)

f2 (char * d)
{
  char D.1940[4];

  <bb 2> [local count: 1073741824]:
  MEM <unsigned int> [(char *)&D.1940] = 875770417;
  __builtin_strcpy (d_6(D), &D.1940);
  D.1940 ={v} {CLOBBER};
  return;

}