Bug 114322 - [14 Regression] SCEV analysis failed for bases like A[(i+x)*stride] since r14-9193-ga0b1798042d033
Summary: [14 Regression] SCEV analysis failed for bases like A[(i+x)*stride] since r14...
Status: RESOLVED FIXED
Alias: None
Product: gcc
Classification: Unclassified
Component: tree-optimization (show other bugs)
Version: 14.0
: P2 normal
Target Milestone: 14.0
Assignee: Not yet assigned to anyone
URL:
Keywords:
Depends on:
Blocks: 114074
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Reported: 2024-03-13 10:19 UTC by Hao Liu
Modified: 2024-03-20 09:39 UTC (History)
1 user (show)

See Also:
Host:
Target:
Build:
Known to work:
Known to fail:
Last reconfirmed: 2024-03-13 00:00:00


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Description Hao Liu 2024-03-13 10:19:59 UTC
Compile the following case with: gcc simp.c -Ofast -mcpu=neoverse-n1 -S \
         -fdump-tree-ifcvt -fdump-tree-vect-details-scev

int
foo (short *A, int x, int stride)
{
  int sum = 0;

  if (stride > 1)
    {
      #pragma GCC unroll 1
      for (int i = 0; i < 1024; ++i)
        sum += A[(i + x) * stride];
    }

  return sum;
}

The gimple in the loop is:

  <bb 3>:
  # sum_19 = PHI <sum_15(6), 0(5)>
  # i_20 = PHI <i_16(6), 0(5)>
  # ivtmp_37 = PHI <ivtmp_36(6), 1024(5)>
  _1 = x_12(D) + i_20;
  _2 = _1 * stride_11(D);
  _3 = (long unsigned int) _2;
  _4 = _3 * 2;
  _5 = A_13(D) + _4;
  _6 = *_5;
  _7 = (int) _6;
  sum_15 = _7 + sum_19;


Before the commit (i.e., from pr114074 bug fix), it can be vectorized:

Creating dr for *_5
analyze_innermost: (analyze_scalar_evolution 
  (loop_nb = 1)
  (scalar = _5)
(get_scalar_evolution 
  (scalar = _5)
  (scalar_evolution = {A_13(D) + (long unsigned int) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2, +, (long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1))
)
success.
(analyze_scalar_evolution 
  (loop_nb = 1)
  (scalar = _5)
(get_scalar_evolution 
  (scalar = _5)
  (scalar_evolution = {A_13(D) + (long unsigned int) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2, +, (long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1))
)
(instantiate_scev 
  (instantiate_below = 5 -> 3)
  (evolution_loop = 1)
  (chrec = {A_13(D) + (long unsigned int) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2, +, (long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1)
  (res = {A_13(D) + (long unsigned int) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2, +, (long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1))
	base_address: A_13(D) + (sizetype) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2
	offset from base address: 0
	constant offset from base address: 0
	step: (ssizetype) ((long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2)
	base alignment: 2
	base misalignment: 0
	offset alignment: 128
	step alignment: 2
	base_object: *A_13(D) + (sizetype) (stride_11(D) * x_12(D)) * 2
	Access function 0: {0B, +, (long unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1


After the commit, loop vectorized failed due to SCEV failure with *_5:

Creating dr for *_5
analyze_innermost: (analyze_scalar_evolution 
  (loop_nb = 1)
  (scalar = _5)
(get_scalar_evolution 
  (scalar = _5)
  (scalar_evolution = _5))
)
(analyze_scalar_evolution 
  (loop_nb = 1)
  (scalar = _5)
(get_scalar_evolution 
  (scalar = _5)
  (scalar_evolution = _5))
)
simp.c:11:10: missed:  failed: evolution of base is not affine.
..
  (res = scev_not_known))


To my understanding, '(i + x) * stride' is signed integer calculation, in which overflow is undefined behavior and the case should be vectorized.
Comment 1 Richard Biener 2024-03-13 10:47:59 UTC
Confirmed.  The issue is we have

 { x_12(D), +, 1 } * stride_11(D)

which doesn't behave the same with respect to overflow as

 { x_12(D) * stride_11(D), +, stride_11(D) }

and because of that we analyze it as


 (int) {(unsigned) x_12(D) * (unsigned) stride_11(D), +, (unsigned) stride_11(D) }

as it might wrap.  But then then sign-extension to long unsigned int is
no longer affine.

  _1 = x_12(D) + i_20;
  _2 = _1 * stride_11(D);
  _3 = (long unsigned int) _2;
  _4 = _3 * 2;
  _5 = A_13(D) + _4;
  _6 = *_5;

The problematical case is x == N < 0 where the last - N might now
overflow with the new SCEV.

The correctness means that we'll now more often run into these issues
for IVs smaller than pointer width.  With -m32 we can analyze the DR to

Creating dr for *_5
        offset from base address: 0
        constant offset from base address: 0
        step: (ssizetype) ((unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2)
        base alignment: 2
        base misalignment: 0
        offset alignment: 256
        step alignment: 2
        base_object: *A_13(D) + (sizetype) ((unsigned int) stride_11(D) * (unsigned int) x_12(D)) * 2
        Access function 0: {0B, +, (unsigned int) stride_11(D) * 2}_1

If you had written

   sum += A[i*stride + x*stride];

it might have worked but unfortunately EVRP transforms this back to
(i+x)*stride because it knows stride isn't zero.

In the end this means it's our failure that we fail to handle

  2 * (unsigned long)({ x_12(D), +, 1 } * stride_11(D))

as valid evolution for further analysis - of course the multiplication
by two in an unsigned type might overflow as well.
Comment 2 GCC Commits 2024-03-19 12:12:08 UTC
The master branch has been updated by Richard Biener <rguenth@gcc.gnu.org>:

https://gcc.gnu.org/g:e0e9499aeffdaca88f0f29334384aa5f710a81a4

commit r14-9540-ge0e9499aeffdaca88f0f29334384aa5f710a81a4
Author: Richard Biener <rguenther@suse.de>
Date:   Tue Mar 19 12:24:08 2024 +0100

    tree-optimization/114151 - revert PR114074 fix
    
    The following reverts the chrec_fold_multiply fix and only keeps
    handling of constant overflow which keeps the original testcase
    fixed.  A better solution might involve ranger improvements or
    tracking of assumptions during SCEV analysis similar to what niter
    analysis does.
    
            PR tree-optimization/114151
            PR tree-optimization/114269
            PR tree-optimization/114322
            PR tree-optimization/114074
            * tree-chrec.cc (chrec_fold_multiply): Restrict the use of
            unsigned arithmetic when actual overflow on constant operands
            is observed.
    
            * gcc.dg/pr68317.c: Revert last change.
Comment 3 Richard Biener 2024-03-19 12:15:31 UTC
Fixed by reverting the offending change.  Feel free to submit a testcase for the 
testsuite covering your case.
Comment 4 GCC Commits 2024-03-20 09:39:36 UTC
The master branch has been updated by Hao Liu <hliu@gcc.gnu.org>:

https://gcc.gnu.org/g:4c276896d646c2dbc8047fd81d6e65f8c5ecf01d

commit r14-9569-g4c276896d646c2dbc8047fd81d6e65f8c5ecf01d
Author: Hao Liu <hliu@os.amperecomputing.com>
Date:   Wed Mar 20 17:37:01 2024 +0800

    testsuite: add the case to cover the vectorization of A[(i+x)*stride] [PR114322]
    
    This issues has been fixed by r14-9540-ge0e9499a in PR114151. Tested on
    aarch64-linux-gnu.
    
    gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
    
            PR tree-optimization/114322
            * gcc.dg/vect/pr114322.c: New testcase.