$ echo "procedure main is x : float := 1.1e11111111111111111111; begin null; end main;" > main.adb

$ gcc -c main.adb 
+===========================GNAT BUG DETECTED==============================+
| 12.2.1 20220819 (Red Hat 12.2.1-2) (x86_64-redhat-linux) Constraint_Error uintp.adb:2287 explicit raise|
| Error detected at main.adb:1:32                                          |
| Compiling main.adb                                                       |
| Please submit a bug report; see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugs/ .              |

$ gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 12.2.1 20220819 (Red Hat 12.2.1-2)


with up to ten digits in the exponent, I get the expected

$ echo "procedure main is x : float := 1.1e11111_11111; begin null; end main;" > main.adb

$ gcc -c main.adb 
main.adb:1:32: error: value not in range of type "Standard.Float"
main.adb:1:32: error: static expression fails Constraint_Check