[PATCHv3] libstdc++: Use allocate_at_least in vector, string (P0401) [PR118030]

Jonathan Wakely jwakely@redhat.com
Tue May 12 19:12:29 GMT 2026


On Wed, 22 Apr 2026 at 00:16 -0400, Nathan Myers wrote:
>[This patch retains the added config/abi/pre/gnu.ver string
>symbol exports as if for gcc-16, although the planned ship
>vehicle is gcc-17.]
>
>Changes in v3:
> - Make allocator_traits<allocator<T>>::allocate_at_least
>  call allocator<T>::allocate_at_least directly, no checking
>  needed.
> - Remove __allocate_to_alignment helper from alloc_traits.h,
>  folding it back into __new_allocator::allocate_at_least.
>  Replace use of std::rotl with op>>, saving one instruction
>  on x86.
> - Change "if (is_constant_evaluated())" to "if consteval {"
>  where allowed. This required infelicitous changes to
>  indentation because, in "if consteval ... else {", the
>  bracket is (needlessly) required.
> - Remove second, "hint" argument passed to allocate()
>  in fallback from allocator_traits<>::allocate_at_least,
>  as support for that has been deleted from the Standard.
> - Remove attempt at pass-through from allocator_traits<
>  pmr::polymorphic_allocator>::allocate_at_least because
>  it does not provide that, and just call allocate(n).
> - Retain minimalist vector<>::_M_allocate, used mainly
>  to get storage for vector<bool>.
> - Rename new vector helper members _M_displace_storage
>  -> _M_replace_storage, and _M_allocate_and_migrate ->
>  _M_replace_with.
> - Remove __glibcxx_want_allocate_at_least from <vector>
>  and <string> headers.
> - Whitespace fixups.
>
>Changes in v2:
> - Avoid PR108377 "exceeds maximum object size" warning
>  differently, contained to __allocate_to_alignment.
> - Rename _S_allocate_to_alignment to __allocate_to_alignment
>  because it is not a member. Generalize it for arbitrary pointer
>  and size types.
> - Declare allocator_traits<allocator<void>>::allocate_at_least
>  with " = delete;", matching others.
> - In allocator_traits<>::allocate_at_least, de-structure and
>  reconstruct the allocation result to enable an implicit
>  pointer type conversion on the way, as used (e.g.) for
>  testsuite_allocator.h.
> - Define allocate_at_least in the polymorphic specialization
>  of allocator_traits (bits/memory_resource.h), and in the
>  testsuite allocator, destructuring likewise.
> - In string:
>    - Make _M_create use _M_allocate_at_least. (This function
>     is no longer used, but is retained for ABI stability.)
>    - Define (in addition to _M_create_plus) a new allocation
>     helper function _M_create_and_place to abstract common
>     operations, and use it where suitable.
>    - Add new member signatures to config/abi/pre/gnu.ver.
>    - Relax shrink_to_fit()/reserve() to allow a little extra.
> - In vector, define (on top of _S_allocate_at_least) helper
>  functions _M_allocate_and_copy, _M_displace_storage,
>  and _M_allocate_and_migrate to abstract common ops, and
>  use them. This incidentally corrects an omission of a
>  _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT.
> - Adjust tests to pass with or without allocate_at_least.
>  (__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ is not defined everywhere.)
>
>Changes from RFC:
> - Improve doxygen for new interfaces.
> - Move code implementing alignment size-round-up logic from
>  allocator.h to alloc_traits.h for other allocators' reuse.
> - Restore allocator.h definition of allocate_at_least, that
>  then explicitly delegates to its base class implementation.
> - Retain existing string::_S_allocate, vector<>::_M_allocate
>  interfaces for ABI stability, using new names
>  _S_allocate_at_least, _M_allocate_at_least for new behavior.
> - Define string _M_create_plus using S_allocate_at_least, and
>  use that throughout in place of _M_create, retaining _M_create
>  for ABI stability.
> - Make memory_resource::allocate_at_least use argument
>  allocator's allocate_at_least if present.
> - Fix std::allocator<>::allocate_at_least so it takes its
>  allocator object by reference, not by value.
> - Per review, in constexpr context begin lifetime of all
>  potential string characters upon allocation.
> - Revert "< 2011"-only vector<>::_M_initialize_dispatch changes.
> - Fix string new-capacity off-by-one errors.
> - Export new symbols _S_allocate_at_least and _M_create_plus from
>  bits/basic_string.h.
> - Work around PR108377 spurious "exceeds maximum object size".
> - Test.
> - Patch too-strict capacity tests.
>
>Implements as much of `allocator<>::allocate_at_least` as possible
>relying solely on known alignment behavior of standard operator
>new.
>
>Uses `allocator_at_least` in `string` and `vector` to maximize
>usage of actually allocated storage, as revealed by the
>allocator in use. For user-supplied allocators this may make a
>big difference.
>
>Nothing is changed in `include/ext/malloc_allocator.h` or
>others.  They can be updated piecemeal. C++23 and C++26 do not
>support `allocate_at_least` in `pmr` components, so there are
>only minimal changes there.
>
>libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:
>	PR libstdc++/118030
>	* include/bits/alloc_traits.h:
>	(__allocate_to_alignment): Define.
>	(allocate_at_least): In allocator_traits template member,
>	destructure and reconstruct result from allocator object's version,
>	to enable pointer type conversion.
>	(allocate_at_least): Delegate in allocator_traits<allocator<_Tp>>
>	specialization to allocator<_Tp>::allocate_at_least, unconditionally.
>	(allocate_at_least): Declare "= delete;" in allocator<void>.
>	* include/bits/allocator.h (allocate_at_least): Delegate to base
>	allocate_at_least where defined, calling with explicit base-class
>	qualification, picking up __new_allocator member.
>	* include/bits/basic_string.h:
>	(_Alloc_result): Define new type.
>	(_S_allocate_at_least): Define.
>	(_S_allocate): Delegate to _S_allocate_at_least.
>	(_M_create_plus, _M_create_and_place): Declare.
>	(assign): Use _S_allocate_at_least.
>	* include/bits/basic_string.tcc:
>	(_M_create_plus): Define.
>	(_M_create_and_place): Define, abstracting common operations.
>	(_M_replace, reserve): Use _S_allocate_at_least.
>	(_M_construct, input iterators): Use _M_create_plus.
>	(_M_construct, others (3x)): Use _M_create_and_place.
>	(_M_create, _M_assign, reserve, _M_mutate): Use _M_create_plus.
>	* include/bits/memory_resource.h (allocate_at_least): Define,
>	document.
>	* include/bits/new_allocator.h (allocate_at_least): Define, relying
>	on __allocate_to_alignment from alloc_traits.h.
>	(deallocate): Refine "if constexpr" logic.
>	* include/bits/stl_vector.h:
>	(_S_max_size): Move to _Vector_base.
>	(_Alloc_result): Define type.
>	(_M_allocate_at_least): Define, using allocate_at_least where supported.
>	(_M_allocate): Delegate to _M_allocate_at_least.
>	(max_size, _S_check_init_len): Use _S_max_size as moved.
>	(_M_create_storage, append_range, _M_allocate_and_copy,
>	_M_replace_storage): Define, abstracting common operations.
>	(_M_replace_with): Define, likewise.
>	(_M_range_initialize_n): Use _M_allocate_at_least.
>	(_M_check_len): Improve logic.
>	* include/bits/vector.tcc:
>	(reserve, _M_fill_append, _M_range_insert): Use _M_allocate_at_least
>	and _M_replace_storage.
>	(operator=, _M_assign_aux): Use _M_replace_with.
>	(_M_realloc_insert, _M_realloc_append, _M_default_append, insert_range):
>	Use _M_allocate_at_least.
>	(_M_fill_insert): Use _M_replace_storage, normalize whitespace.
>	* testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h:
>	(allocate_at_least (2x)): Define.
>	(allocate): Use allocate_at_least.
>	* testsuite/20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc: Add tests.
>	* testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc:
>	Loosen capacity check.
>	* testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc:
>	Same.
>	* testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc: Same.
>	* testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc: Same.
>	* testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc:
>	Same.
>	* testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc: Same.
>	* testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc: Same
>	* testsuite/23_containers/vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc:
>	Adapt to looser reserve behavior.
>	* config/abi/pre/gnu.ver: Expose string::_S_allocate_at_least,
>	_M_create_plus, and _M_create_and_place symbols.
>---
> libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver           |   4 +
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h      |  24 ++-
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/allocator.h         |  31 +++-
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h      |  43 ++++-
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc    | 105 +++++++-----
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/memory_resource.h   |  17 ++
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/new_allocator.h     |  60 ++++++-
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_vector.h        | 138 ++++++++++++----
> libstdc++-v3/include/bits/vector.tcc          | 155 +++++++-----------
> .../20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc    | 108 +++++++++++-
> .../basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc       |   7 +-
> .../capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc            |   7 +-
> .../basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc    |   8 +-
> .../basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc        |  13 +-
> .../capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc         |   7 +-
> .../vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc          |   7 +-
> .../vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc         |  14 +-
> .../vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc  |  36 ++--
> .../testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h      |  36 ++++
> 19 files changed, 594 insertions(+), 226 deletions(-)
>
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver b/libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver
>index bd4da641829..5dc9e1fdace 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/config/abi/pre/gnu.ver
>@@ -2621,6 +2621,10 @@ GLIBCXX_3.4.35 {
>     _ZGIW3std;
>     _ZGIW3stdW6compat;
>
>+    # basic_string::allocate_at_least
>+    _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringI[cw]St11char_traitsI[cw]ESaI[cw]EE*_S_allocate_*;
>+    _ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringI[cw]St11char_traitsI[cw]ESaI[cw]EE*_M_create_*;

I've pushed r17-471-ge79f0f818c0e42 which adds the GLIBCXX_3.4.37
symbol version. Your new symbols should be exported in that version
now, instead of GLIBCXX_3.4.36.

> } GLIBCXX_3.4.34;
>
> # Symbols in the support library (libsupc++) have their own tag.
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h
>index e4e0f1608de..cdffeb1b31a 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h
>@@ -419,10 +419,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       */
>       [[nodiscard]] static constexpr auto
>       allocate_at_least(_Alloc& __a, size_type __n)
>-	-> allocation_result<pointer, size_type>
>+      -> allocation_result<pointer, size_type>
>       {
> 	if constexpr (requires { __a.allocate_at_least(__n); })
>-	  return __a.allocate_at_least(__n);
>+	  {
>+	    // Destructure to enable implicit __p -> pointer conversion.
>+	    auto [__p, __c] = __a.allocate_at_least(__n);
>+	    return { __p, __c };

I still didn't understand why this is needed, so I tested the patch
without it.

FAIL: 23_containers/vector/allocator/ext_ptr.cc  -std=gnu++23 (test for excess errors)
Excess errors:
/tmp/build/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/alloc_traits.h:425: error: could not convert '((std::allocator<T>*)(& __a))->std::allocator<T>::allocate_at_least(__n)' from 'allocation_result<T*,[...]>' to 'allocation_result<__gnu_cxx::_Pointer_adapter<__gnu_cxx::_Std_pointer_impl<T> >,[...]>'

This is almost certainly a bug in the __gnu_test::CustomPointerAlloc,
so should not be worked around in std::allocator_traits.


>+	  }
> 	else
> 	  return { __a.allocate(__n), __n };
>       }
>@@ -664,14 +668,15 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>        *  @brief  Allocate memory, generously.
>        *  @param  __a  An allocator.
>        *  @param  __n  The minimum number of objects to allocate space for.
>-       *  @return Memory of suitable size and alignment for `n` or more
>-       *  contiguous objects of type `value_type`.
>+       *  @return Memory of suitable size and alignment for `m >= n`
>+       *  contiguous objects of type `value_type`, and `m`.
>        *
>        *  Returns `a.allocate_at_least(n)`.
>       */
>-      [[nodiscard]] static constexpr auto
>+      [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
>+      static constexpr auto
>       allocate_at_least(allocator_type& __a, size_type __n)
>-	-> allocation_result<pointer, size_type>
>+      -> allocation_result<pointer, size_type>
>       { return __a.allocate_at_least(__n); }
> #endif
>
>@@ -822,6 +827,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       static void*
>       allocate(allocator_type&, size_type, const void* = nullptr) = delete;
>
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+      static allocation_result<pointer, size_type>

The neighbouring declarations just use 'void*' instead of the
'pointer' typedef.

>+      allocate_at_least(allocator_type&, size_type) = delete;
>+#endif
>+
>       /// deallocate is ill-formed for allocator<void>
>       static void
>       deallocate(allocator_type&, void*, size_type) = delete;
>@@ -872,7 +882,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       select_on_container_copy_construction(const allocator_type& __rhs)
>       { return __rhs; }
>     };
>-#endif
>+#endif // _GLIBCXX_HOSTED
>
>   /// @cond undocumented
> #pragma GCC diagnostic push
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/allocator.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/allocator.h
>index 9c22c805ebe..adf9f4fddbf 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/allocator.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/allocator.h
>@@ -193,9 +193,9 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       constexpr _Tp*
>       allocate(size_t __n)
>       {
>-#if __cpp_concepts
>+# if __cpp_concepts
> 	if constexpr (requires { sizeof(_Tp); })
>-#endif
>+# endif
> 	if (std::__is_constant_evaluated())
> 	  {
> 	    if (__builtin_mul_overflow(__n, sizeof(_Tp), &__n))
>@@ -205,7 +205,28 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>
> 	return __allocator_base<_Tp>::allocate(__n, 0);
>       }
>+#endif
>+
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>+      [[nodiscard,__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
>+      constexpr auto
>+      allocate_at_least(size_t __n)
>+      -> allocation_result<_Tp*, size_t>

The rest of the file doesn't use trailing-return-type, so this can be
just:

       constexpr allocation_result<_Tp*, size_t>
       allocate_at_least(size_t __n)


>+      {
>+	if consteval
>+	  { return { allocate(__n), __n }; }
>+	else
>+	  {
>+	    if constexpr (requires
>+		   { __allocator_base<_Tp>::allocate_at_least(__n); })
>+	      return __allocator_base<_Tp>::allocate_at_least(__n);
>+	    else
>+	      return { __allocator_base<_Tp>::allocate(__n), __n };
>+	  }
>+      }
>+#endif
>
>+#if __cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc // >= C++20
>       [[__gnu__::__always_inline__]]
>       constexpr void
>       deallocate(_Tp* __p, size_t __n)
>@@ -219,12 +240,6 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       }
> #endif // C++20
>
>-#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>-      [[nodiscard]] constexpr allocation_result<_Tp*, size_t>
>-      allocate_at_least(size_t __n)
>-      { return { this->allocate(__n), __n }; }
>-#endif
>-
>       friend __attribute__((__always_inline__)) _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>       bool
>       operator==(const allocator&, const allocator&) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h
>index af4e5d9486f..7ba2d60b644 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.h
>@@ -135,20 +135,36 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CXX11
> #endif
>
>     private:
>+      // For ABI reasons this must remain. In current code, it
>+      // is used only in constexpr context.
>       static _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR pointer
>       _S_allocate(_Char_alloc_type& __a, size_type __n)
>+      { return _S_allocate_at_least(__a, __n).__ptr; }

I still think the old semantics of this function should be retained.
Otherwise we're adding a few more cycles to all the existing callers
of this function, for no benefit.

>+      struct _Alloc_result { pointer __ptr; size_type __count; };
>+
>+      static _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR _Alloc_result
>+      _S_allocate_at_least(_Char_alloc_type& __a, size_type __n)
>       {
>-	pointer __p = _Alloc_traits::allocate(__a, __n);
>-#if __glibcxx_constexpr_string >= 201907L
>+	_Alloc_result __r;
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>+	auto [__ptr, __count] = _Alloc_traits::allocate_at_least(__a, __n);
>+	__r.__ptr = __ptr;
>+	__r.__count = __count;
>+#else
>+	__r.__ptr = _Alloc_traits::allocate(__a, __n);
>+	__r.__count = __n;
>+#endif
>+# if __glibcxx_constexpr_string >= 201907L

The additional space after the # doesn't seem correct here.

> 	// std::char_traits begins the lifetime of characters,
> 	// but custom traits might not, so do it here.
> 	if constexpr (!is_same_v<_Traits, char_traits<_CharT>>)
> 	  if (std::__is_constant_evaluated())
> 	    // Begin the lifetime of characters in allocated storage.
>-	    for (size_type __i = 0; __i < __n; ++__i)
>-	      std::construct_at(__builtin_addressof(__p[__i]));
>-#endif
>-	return __p;
>+	    for (size_type __i = 0; __i < __r.__count; ++__i)
>+	      std::construct_at(__builtin_addressof(__r.__ptr[__i]));
>+# endif

Nor here.

>+	return __r;
>       }
>
> #ifdef __glibcxx_string_view // >= C++17
>@@ -287,6 +303,15 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CXX11
>
>       // Create & Destroy
>       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+      _Alloc_result
>+      _M_create_plus(size_type __new_capacity, size_type __old_capacity);
>+
>+      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+      void
>+      _M_create_and_place(size_type __new_capacity, size_type __old_capacity);
>+
>+      // This must remain for ABI stability though unused.
>+      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>       pointer
>       _M_create(size_type&, size_type);
>
>@@ -1782,10 +1807,10 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CXX11
> 		    const auto __len = __str.size();
> 		    auto __alloc = __str._M_get_allocator();
> 		    // If this allocation throws there are no effects:
>-		    auto __ptr = _S_allocate(__alloc, __len + 1);
>+		    auto __r = _S_allocate_at_least(__alloc, __len + 1);
> 		    _M_destroy(_M_allocated_capacity);
>-		    _M_data(__ptr);
>-		    _M_capacity(__len);
>+		    _M_data(__r.__ptr);
>+		    _M_capacity(__r.__count - 1);
> 		    _M_set_length(__len);
> 		  }
> 	      }
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc
>index b00dd550237..1be0a1b3791 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/basic_string.tcc
>@@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>
>   template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>-    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::pointer
>+    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::_Alloc_result
>     basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::
>-    _M_create(size_type& __capacity, size_type __old_capacity)
>+    _M_create_plus(size_type __capacity, size_type __old_capacity)
>     {
>       // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
>       // 83.  String::npos vs. string::max_size()
>       if (__capacity > max_size())
>-	std::__throw_length_error(__N("basic_string::_M_create"));
>+	std::__throw_length_error(__N("basic_string::_M_create_plus"));
>
>       // The below implements an exponential growth policy, necessary to
>       // meet amortized linear time requirements of the library: see
>@@ -161,7 +161,31 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>
>       // NB: Need an array of char_type[__capacity], plus a terminating
>       // null char_type() element.
>-      return _S_allocate(_M_get_allocator(), __capacity + 1);
>+      return _S_allocate_at_least(_M_get_allocator(), __capacity + 1);
>+    }
>+
>+
>+  template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>+    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+    void
>+    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::
>+    _M_create_and_place(size_type __capacity, size_type __old_capacity)
>+    {
>+      _Alloc_result __r = _M_create_plus(__capacity, __old_capacity);
>+      _M_data(__r.__ptr);
>+      _M_capacity(__r.__count - 1);  // Leave room for NUL.
>+    }
>+
>+  // This must remain for ABI stability, though unused in current code.
>+  template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>+    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+    typename basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::pointer
>+    basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::
>+    _M_create(size_type& __capacity, size_type __old_capacity)
>+    {
>+      _Alloc_result __r = _M_create_plus(__capacity, __old_capacity);
>+      __capacity = __r.__count - 1;  // Leave room for NUL.
>+      return __r.__ptr;
>     }
>
>   // NB: This is the special case for Input Iterators, used in
>@@ -203,11 +227,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	    if (__len == __capacity)
> 	      {
> 		// Allocate more space.
>-		__capacity = __len + 1;
>-		pointer __another = _M_create(__capacity, __len);
>-		this->_S_copy(__another, _M_data(), __len);
>+		_Alloc_result __another = _M_create_plus(__len + 1, __len);
>+		__capacity = __another.__count - 1; // Leave room for NUL.
>+		this->_S_copy(__another.__ptr, _M_data(), __len);
> 		_M_dispose();
>-		_M_data(__another);
>+		_M_data(__another.__ptr);
> 		_M_capacity(__capacity);
> 	      }
> 	    traits_type::assign(_M_data()[__len++],
>@@ -231,10 +255,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	size_type __dnew = static_cast<size_type>(std::distance(__beg, __end));
>
> 	if (__dnew > size_type(_S_local_capacity))
>-	  {
>-	    _M_data(_M_create(__dnew, size_type(0)));
>-	    _M_capacity(__dnew);
>-	  }
>+	  _M_create_and_place(__dnew, size_type(0));
> 	else
> 	  _M_init_local_buf();
>
>@@ -264,10 +285,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>     _M_construct(size_type __n, _CharT __c)
>     {
>       if (__n > size_type(_S_local_capacity))
>-	{
>-	  _M_data(_M_create(__n, size_type(0)));
>-	  _M_capacity(__n);
>-	}
>+	_M_create_and_place(__n, size_type(0));
>       else
> 	_M_init_local_buf();
>
>@@ -281,16 +299,13 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>   // than difference between iterators.
>   template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>     template<bool _Terminated>
>-    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+    _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>     void
>     basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::
>     _M_construct(const _CharT* __str, size_type __n)
>     {
>       if (__n > size_type(_S_local_capacity))
>-	{
>-	  _M_data(_M_create(__n, size_type(0)));
>-	  _M_capacity(__n);
>-	}
>+	_M_create_and_place(__n, size_type(0));
>       else
> 	_M_init_local_buf();
>
>@@ -347,11 +362,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>
> 	  if (__rsize > __capacity)
> 	    {
>-	      size_type __new_capacity = __rsize;
>-	      pointer __tmp = _M_create(__new_capacity, __capacity);
>+	      // if _M_create_plus throws, there is no effect.
>+	      _Alloc_result __tmp = _M_create_plus(__rsize, __capacity);
> 	      _M_dispose();
>-	      _M_data(__tmp);
>-	      _M_capacity(__new_capacity);
>+	      _M_data(__tmp.__ptr);
>+	      _M_capacity(__tmp.__count - 1);
> 	    }
>
> 	  if (__rsize)
>@@ -375,11 +390,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       if (__res <= __capacity)
> 	return;
>
>-      pointer __tmp = _M_create(__res, __capacity);
>-      this->_S_copy(__tmp, _M_data(), length() + 1);
>+      _Alloc_result __r = _M_create_plus(__res, __capacity);
>+      this->_S_copy(__r.__ptr, _M_data(), length() + 1);
>       _M_dispose();
>-      _M_data(__tmp);
>-      _M_capacity(__res);
>+      _M_data(__r.__ptr);
>+      _M_capacity(__r.__count - 1);  // Leave room for NUL.
>     }
>
>   template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>@@ -392,19 +407,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       const size_type __how_much = length() - __pos - __len1;
>
>       size_type __new_capacity = length() + __len2 - __len1;
>-      pointer __r = _M_create(__new_capacity, capacity());
>+      _Alloc_result __r = _M_create_plus(__new_capacity, capacity());
>
>       if (__pos)
>-	this->_S_copy(__r, _M_data(), __pos);
>+	this->_S_copy(__r.__ptr, _M_data(), __pos);
>       if (__s && __len2)
>-	this->_S_copy(__r + __pos, __s, __len2);
>+	this->_S_copy(__r.__ptr + __pos, __s, __len2);
>       if (__how_much)
>-	this->_S_copy(__r + __pos + __len2,
>+	this->_S_copy(__r.__ptr + __pos + __len2,
> 		      _M_data() + __pos + __len1, __how_much);
>
>       _M_dispose();
>-      _M_data(__r);
>-      _M_capacity(__new_capacity);
>+      _M_data(__r.__ptr);
>+      _M_capacity(__r.__count - 1);  // Leave room for NUL.
>     }
>
>   template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
>@@ -430,6 +445,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>       if (_M_is_local())
> 	return;
>
>+# ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>+      const size_type __limit = (__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1) / sizeof(_CharT);
>+# else
>+      const size_type __limit = 0;
>+# endif

More unnecessary spaces after the #

>       const size_type __length = length();
>       const size_type __capacity = _M_allocated_capacity;
>
>@@ -441,14 +461,15 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	  _M_data(_M_local_data());
> 	}
> #if __cpp_exceptions
>-      else if (__length < __capacity)
>+      else if (__capacity - __length > __limit )
> 	try
> 	  {
>-	    pointer __tmp = _S_allocate(_M_get_allocator(), __length + 1);
>-	    this->_S_copy(__tmp, _M_data(), __length + 1);
>+	    _Alloc_result __r = _S_allocate_at_least(
>+	      _M_get_allocator(), __length + 1);
>+	    this->_S_copy(__r.__ptr, _M_data(), __length + 1);
> 	    _M_dispose();
>-	    _M_data(__tmp);
>-	    _M_capacity(__length);
>+	    _M_data(__r.__ptr);
>+	    _M_capacity(__r.__count - 1);  // reserve room for NUL.
> 	  }
> 	catch (const __cxxabiv1::__forced_unwind&)
> 	  { throw; }
>@@ -677,7 +698,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> #endif // C++11
>
> #endif  // _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI
>-
>+
> #if __glibcxx_constexpr_string >= 201907L
> # define _GLIBCXX_STRING_CONSTEXPR constexpr
> #else
>@@ -916,7 +937,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	      // Avoid reallocation for common case.
> 	      __str.erase();
> 	      _CharT __buf[128];
>-	      __size_type __len = 0;	
>+	      __size_type __len = 0;
> 	      const streamsize __w = __in.width();
> 	      const __size_type __n = __w > 0 ? static_cast<__size_type>(__w)
> 		                              : __str.max_size();
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/memory_resource.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/memory_resource.h
>index e5c6697b07e..cb29ff88478 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/memory_resource.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/memory_resource.h
>@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
> # include <bits/utility.h>		// index_sequence
> # include <tuple>			// tuple, forward_as_tuple
> #endif
>+#include <bits/memoryfwd.h>
>
> namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
> {
>@@ -468,6 +469,22 @@ namespace pmr
>       allocate(allocator_type& __a, size_type __n, const_void_pointer)
>       { return __a.allocate(__n); }
>
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+      /**
>+       *  @brief  Allocate memory, generously.
>+       *  @param  __a  An allocator.
>+       *  @param  __n  The number of objects to allocate space for.
>+       *  @return Memory of suitable size and alignment for `m >= n`
>+       *          objects of type `value_type`, and `m`.
>+       *
>+       *  Returns `{ a.allocate(n), n }`.
>+      */
>+      [[nodiscard]] static auto
>+      allocate_at_least(allocator_type& __a, size_type __n)
>+      -> std::allocation_result<pointer, size_type>

No need for an inconsistent trailing-return-type here.

>+      { return { __a.allocate(__n), __n }; }
>+#endif
>+
>       /**
>        *  @brief  Deallocate memory.
>        *  @param  __a  An allocator.
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/new_allocator.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/new_allocator.h
>index fbe03e392aa..1ce2d41388f 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/new_allocator.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/new_allocator.h
>@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
> #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
> #include <type_traits>
> #endif
>+#include <bits/memoryfwd.h>
>
> namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
> {
>@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	      std::__throw_bad_array_new_length();
> 	    std::__throw_bad_alloc();
> 	  }
>+
> #if __cpp_aligned_new && __cplusplus >= 201103L
> 	else if constexpr (alignof(_Tp) > __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__)
> 	  {
>@@ -162,6 +164,60 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	  return static_cast<_Tp*>(_GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__n * sizeof(_Tp)));
>       }
>
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>+      [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto
>+      allocate_at_least(size_t __n)
>+      -> std::allocation_result<_Tp*, size_t>

Nor here.

Since we can't switch to trailing return types uniformly (because so
much of the library needs to be valid in C++98) we generally only use
them where it's necessary, e.g. because we want to refer to the
function params in a -> decltype(__x + __y) expression.

>+      {
>+	static_assert(requires { sizeof(_Tp); },
>+	  "cannot allocate incomplete types");
>+
>+	if constexpr (!requires { sizeof(_Tp); })
>+	  return { nullptr, 0 }; // static_assert already failed
>+	else if (__builtin_expect(__n > this->_M_max_size(), false))
>+	  {
>+	    // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
>+	    // 3190. allocator::allocate sometimes returns too little storage
>+	    if (__n > (std::size_t(-1) / sizeof(_Tp)))
>+	      std::__throw_bad_array_new_length();
>+	    std::__throw_bad_alloc();
>+	  }
>+	else if consteval
>+	  {
>+	    void* __p = _GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__n * sizeof(_Tp));
>+	    return { static_cast<_Tp*>(__p), __n };
>+	  }
>+	else
>+	  {  // "if consteval" demands a block here.
>+	    const size_t __need =  __n * sizeof(_Tp);
>+	    if constexpr (alignof(_Tp) > __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__)
>+	      {
>+		const std::align_val_t __al = std::align_val_t(alignof(_Tp));
>+		void* __p = _GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__need, __al);
>+		return { static_cast<_Tp*>(__p), __n };
>+	      }
>+	    else if constexpr (sizeof(_Tp) >= __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__)
>+	      {
>+		void* __p = _GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__need);
>+		return { static_cast<_Tp*>(__p), __n };
>+	      }
>+	    else
>+	      {
>+		const size_t __mask = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1;
>+		size_t __ask = (__need + __mask) & ~__mask;
>+		// Avoid rounding to and asking for 2^63 bytes (PR108377):
>+		__ask -= __ask >> (__SIZE_WIDTH__ - 1);
>+		auto* __p = static_cast<_Tp*>(_GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__ask));
>+		using _U8 = const unsigned char;
>+		static_assert(sizeof(_Tp) <= ~_U8());
>+		// Use 8-bit division for minimal latency:
>+		_U8 __spare = __ask - __need, __size = sizeof(_Tp);
>+		return { __p , __n + __spare / __size };
>+	      }

It occurs to me now that we could remove all the code here that's
duplicated from allocate(size_type, void_pointer) with something like
this:

       [[nodiscard]]
       constexpr std::allocation_result<_Tp*, size_t>
       allocate_at_least(size_t __n)
       {
	if ! consteval {
	  if constexpr (requires { sizeof(_Tp); })
	    if constexpr (alignof(_Tp) <= __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__
			  && sizeof(_Tp) < __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__)
	      if (__builtin_expect(__n <= this->_M_max_size(), true))
		{
		  const size_t __need =  __n * sizeof(_Tp);
		  const size_t __mask = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1;
		  size_t __ask = (__need + __mask) & ~__mask;
		  // Avoid rounding to and asking for 2^63 bytes (PR108377):
		  __ask -= __ask >> (__SIZE_WIDTH__ - 1);
		  auto* __p = static_cast<_Tp*>(_GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_NEW(__ask));
		  using _U8 = const unsigned char;
		  static_assert(sizeof(_Tp) <= ~_U8());
		  // Use 8-bit division for minimal latency:
		  _U8 __spare = __ask - __need, __size = sizeof(_Tp);
		  return { __p, __n + __spare / __size };
		}
	  }
	return { allocate(__n), __n };
       }

i.e. only do the new part here where we actually want to round up, and
otherwise just call allocate(n).

So the static_assert, exceptional path, consteval path, and the
not-rounded-up case all use the existing code.


>+	  }
>+      }
>+#endif
>+
>       // __p is not permitted to be a null pointer.
>       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
>       deallocate(_Tp* __p, size_type __n __attribute__ ((__unused__)))
>@@ -177,10 +233,10 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
> 	  {
> 	    _GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_DELETE(_GLIBCXX_SIZED_DEALLOC(__p, __n),
> 				     std::align_val_t(alignof(_Tp)));
>-	    return;
> 	  }
>+	else
> #endif
>-	_GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_DELETE(_GLIBCXX_SIZED_DEALLOC(__p, __n));
>+	  _GLIBCXX_OPERATOR_DELETE(_GLIBCXX_SIZED_DEALLOC(__p, __n));

Just a stylistic change, right?

>       }
>
> #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_vector.h b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_vector.h
>index c4ca214752a..5d7da03e2ee 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_vector.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/stl_vector.h
>@@ -317,6 +317,19 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       get_allocator() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
>       { return allocator_type(_M_get_Tp_allocator()); }
>
>+      static _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR size_t
>+      _S_max_size(const _Tp_alloc_type& __a) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
>+      {
>+	// std::distance(begin(), end()) cannot be greater than PTRDIFF_MAX,
>+	// and realistically we can't store more than PTRDIFF_MAX/sizeof(T)
>+	// (even if std::allocator_traits::max_size says we can).
>+	const size_t __diffmax =
>+	  __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<ptrdiff_t>::__max / sizeof(_Tp);
>+	const size_t __allocmax =
>+	  __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Alloc>::max_size(__a);
>+	return (std::min)(__diffmax, __allocmax);
>+      }
>+
> #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
>       _Vector_base() = default;
> #else
>@@ -389,6 +402,43 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	return __n != 0 ? _Tr::allocate(_M_impl, __n) : pointer();
>       }
>
>+      struct _Alloc_result { pointer __ptr; size_t __count; };
>+
>+      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+      _Alloc_result
>+      _M_allocate_at_least(size_t __n)
>+      {
>+	typedef __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Tp_alloc_type> _Tr;
>+	_Alloc_result __r;
>+	if (__builtin_expect(__n != 0, true))
>+	  {
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least  // C++23
>+	    if constexpr (requires    { _Tr::allocate_at_least(_M_impl, __n); })
>+	      {
>+		auto [__ptr, __count] = _Tr::allocate_at_least(_M_impl, __n);
>+		if (__count > __n)
>+		  {
>+		    size_t __max = _S_max_size(_M_get_Tp_allocator());
>+		    if (__builtin_expect(__count > __max, false))
>+		      __count = __max;
>+		  }
>+		__r = { __ptr, __count };
>+	      }
>+	    else
>+#endif
>+	      {
>+		__r.__ptr = _Tr::allocate(_M_impl, __n);
>+		__r.__count = __n;
>+	      }
>+	  }
>+	else
>+	  {
>+	    __r.__ptr = pointer();
>+	    __r.__count = 0;
>+	  }
>+	return __r;
>+      }
>+
>       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>       void
>       _M_deallocate(pointer __p, size_t __n)
>@@ -404,9 +454,9 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       void
>       _M_create_storage(size_t __n)
>       {
>-	this->_M_impl._M_start = this->_M_allocate(__n);
>-	this->_M_impl._M_finish = this->_M_impl._M_start;
>-	this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = this->_M_impl._M_start + __n;
>+	_Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__n);
>+	this->_M_impl._M_finish = this->_M_impl._M_start = __r.__ptr;
>+	this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = this->_M_impl._M_start + __r.__count;
>       }
>
> #if __glibcxx_containers_ranges // C++ >= 23
>@@ -480,6 +530,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       typedef _Vector_base<_Tp, _Alloc>			_Base;
>       typedef typename _Base::_Tp_alloc_type		_Tp_alloc_type;
>       typedef __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits<_Tp_alloc_type>	_Alloc_traits;
>+      typedef typename _Base::_Alloc_result             _Alloc_result;
>
>     public:
>       typedef _Tp					value_type;
>@@ -536,6 +587,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>
>     protected:
>       using _Base::_M_allocate;
>+      using _Base::_M_allocate_at_least;
>       using _Base::_M_deallocate;
>       using _Base::_M_impl;
>       using _Base::_M_get_Tp_allocator;
>@@ -1116,7 +1168,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>       size_type
>       max_size() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
>-      { return _S_max_size(_M_get_Tp_allocator()); }
>+      { return _Base::_S_max_size(_M_get_Tp_allocator()); }
>
> #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
>       /**
>@@ -1682,16 +1734,17 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		  return;
> 		}
>
>-	      const size_type __len = _M_check_len(__n, "vector::append_range");
>+	      const size_type __ask = _M_check_len(__n, "vector::append_range");
>
> 	      pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
> 	      pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>
>-	      allocator_type& __a = _M_get_Tp_allocator();
>-	      const pointer __start = this->_M_allocate(__len);
>+	      auto [__ptr, __got] = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__ask);
>+	      const pointer __start = __ptr;
> 	      const pointer __mid = __start + __sz;
> 	      const pointer __back = __mid + __n;
>-	      _Guard_alloc __guard(__start, __len, *this);
>+	      _Guard_alloc __guard(__start, __got, *this);
>+	      allocator_type& __a = _M_get_Tp_allocator();
> 	      std::__uninitialized_copy_a(ranges::begin(__rg),
> 					  ranges::end(__rg),
> 					  __mid, __a);
>@@ -1733,7 +1786,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      // Finally, take ownership of new storage:
> 	      this->_M_impl._M_start = __start;
> 	      this->_M_impl._M_finish = __back;
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __start + __len;
>+	      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __start + __got;
> 	    }
> 	  else
> 	    {
>@@ -1889,20 +1942,45 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>     protected:
>       /**
>        *  Memory expansion handler.  Uses the member allocation function to
>-       *  obtain @a n bytes of memory, and then copies [first,last) into it.
>+       *  obtain at least `n` objects worth of memory, copies `[first,last)`
>+       *  into it, reports what was actually allocated.
>        */
>       template<typename _ForwardIterator>
> 	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>-	pointer
>+	_Alloc_result
> 	_M_allocate_and_copy(size_type __n,
>-			     _ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
>+		_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)

This change to the indentation doesn't seem like an improvement.

> 	{
>-	  _Guard_alloc __guard(this->_M_allocate(__n), __n, *this);
>+	  _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__n);
>+	  _Guard_alloc __guard(__r.__ptr, __r.__count, *this);
> 	  std::__uninitialized_copy_a
> 	    (__first, __last, __guard._M_storage, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	  return __guard._M_release();
>+	  (void) __guard._M_release();
>+	  return __r;
> 	}
>
>+      _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
>+      _M_replace_storage(pointer __start, pointer __end, size_type __cap)
>+      {
>+	  _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>+	  _M_deallocate(this->_M_impl._M_start,
>+	    this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage - this->_M_impl._M_start);
>+	  this->_M_impl._M_start = __start;
>+	  this->_M_impl._M_finish = __end;
>+	  this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __start + __cap;
>+      }
>+
>+      template<typename _ForwardIterator>
>+	_GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>+	void
>+	_M_replace_with(size_type __n,
>+		_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last)
>+	{
>+	  _Alloc_result __r = _M_allocate_and_copy(__n, __first, __last);
>+	  std::_Destroy(this->_M_impl._M_start,
>+	    this->_M_impl._M_finish, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>+	  _M_replace_storage(__r.__ptr, __r.__ptr + __n, __r.__count);
>+	}
>
>       // Internal constructor functions follow.
>
>@@ -1916,6 +1994,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	_M_initialize_dispatch(_Integer __int_n, _Integer __value, __true_type)
> 	{
> 	  const size_type __n = static_cast<size_type>(__int_n);
>+	  // NB this is c++98 code, so has no allocate_at_least.
> 	  pointer __start =
> 	    _M_allocate(_S_check_init_len(__n, _M_get_Tp_allocator()));
> 	  this->_M_impl._M_start = __start;
>@@ -1971,10 +2050,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	_M_range_initialize_n(_Iterator __first, _Sentinel __last,
> 			      size_type __n)
> 	{
>-	  pointer __start =
>-	    this->_M_allocate(_S_check_init_len(__n, _M_get_Tp_allocator()));
>+	  _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(
>+	    _S_check_init_len(__n, _M_get_Tp_allocator()));
>+	  pointer __start = __r.__ptr;
> 	  this->_M_impl._M_start = this->_M_impl._M_finish = __start;
>-	  this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __start + __n;
>+	  this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __start + __r.__count;
> 	  this->_M_impl._M_finish
> 	      = std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_GLIBCXX_MOVE(__first), __last,
> 					    __start, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>@@ -2191,35 +2271,27 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       size_type
>       _M_check_len(size_type __n, const char* __s) const
>       {
>-	if (max_size() - size() < __n)
>+	const size_type __room = max_size() - size();
>+	if (__room < __n)
> 	  __throw_length_error(__N(__s));
>
>-	const size_type __len = size() + (std::max)(size(), __n);
>-	return (__len < size() || __len > max_size()) ? max_size() : __len;
>+	if (__n < size())
>+	  __n = size();  // Grow by (at least) doubling ...
>+	if (__n > __room)
>+	  __n = __room;  //  ... but only as much as will fit.
>+	return size() + __n;
>       }
>
>       // Called by constructors to check initial size.
>       static _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR size_type
>       _S_check_init_len(size_type __n, const allocator_type& __a)
>       {
>-	if (__n > _S_max_size(_Tp_alloc_type(__a)))
>+	if (__n > _Base::_S_max_size(_Tp_alloc_type(__a)))
> 	  __throw_length_error(
> 	      __N("cannot create std::vector larger than max_size()"));
> 	return __n;
>       }
>
>-      static _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR size_type
>-      _S_max_size(const _Tp_alloc_type& __a) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
>-      {
>-	// std::distance(begin(), end()) cannot be greater than PTRDIFF_MAX,
>-	// and realistically we can't store more than PTRDIFF_MAX/sizeof(T)
>-	// (even if std::allocator_traits::max_size says we can).
>-	const size_t __diffmax
>-	  = __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<ptrdiff_t>::__max / sizeof(_Tp);
>-	const size_t __allocmax = _Alloc_traits::max_size(__a);
>-	return (std::min)(__diffmax, __allocmax);
>-      }
>-
>       // Internal erase functions follow.
>
>       // Called by erase(q1,q2), clear(), resize(), _M_fill_assign,
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/vector.tcc b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/vector.tcc
>index b790fca2964..86c41d74ff4 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/vector.tcc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/bits/vector.tcc
>@@ -75,13 +75,13 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       if (this->capacity() < __n)
> 	{
> 	  const size_type __old_size = size();
>-	  pointer __tmp;
>+	  _Alloc_result __tmp;
> #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
> 	  if constexpr (_S_use_relocate())
> 	    {
>-	      __tmp = this->_M_allocate(__n);
>+	      __tmp = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__n);
> 	      std::__relocate_a(this->_M_impl._M_start, this->_M_impl._M_finish,
>-				__tmp, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>+				__tmp.__ptr, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
> 	    }
> 	  else
> #endif
>@@ -92,13 +92,8 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      std::_Destroy(this->_M_impl._M_start, this->_M_impl._M_finish,
> 			    _M_get_Tp_allocator());
> 	    }
>-	  _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>-	  _M_deallocate(this->_M_impl._M_start,
>-			this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage
>-			- this->_M_impl._M_start);
>-	  this->_M_impl._M_start = __tmp;
>-	  this->_M_impl._M_finish = __tmp + __old_size;
>-	  this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = this->_M_impl._M_start + __n;
>+	  _M_replace_storage(
>+	    __tmp.__ptr, __tmp.__ptr + __old_size, __tmp.__count);
> 	}
>     }
> #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
>@@ -106,12 +101,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
>   template<typename _Tp, typename _Alloc>
>     template<typename... _Args>
>-#if __cplusplus > 201402L
>+# if __cplusplus > 201402L
>       _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>       typename vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::reference
>-#else
>+# else
>       void
>-#endif
>+# endif
>       vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::
>       emplace_back(_Args&&... __args)
>       {
>@@ -125,11 +120,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	  }
> 	else
> 	  _M_realloc_append(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
>-#if __cplusplus > 201402L
>+# if __cplusplus > 201402L
> 	return back();
>-#endif
>+# endif
>       }
>-#endif
>+#endif  // __cplusplus >= 201103L
>
>   template<typename _Tp, typename _Alloc>
>     _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
>@@ -238,22 +233,10 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> #endif
> 	  const size_type __xlen = __x.size();
> 	  if (__xlen > capacity())
>-	    {
>-	      pointer __tmp = _M_allocate_and_copy(__xlen, __x.begin(),
>-						   __x.end());
>-	      std::_Destroy(this->_M_impl._M_start, this->_M_impl._M_finish,
>-			    _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	      _M_deallocate(this->_M_impl._M_start,
>-			    this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage
>-			    - this->_M_impl._M_start);
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_start = __tmp;
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = this->_M_impl._M_start + __xlen;
>-	    }
>+	    _M_replace_with(__xlen, __x.begin(), __x.end());
> 	  else if (size() >= __xlen)
>-	    {
>-	      std::_Destroy(std::copy(__x.begin(), __x.end(), begin()),
>-			    end(), _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	    }
>+	    std::_Destroy(std::copy(__x.begin(), __x.end(), begin()),
>+	      end(), _M_get_Tp_allocator());
> 	  else
> 	    {
> 	      std::copy(__x._M_impl._M_start, __x._M_impl._M_start + size(),
>@@ -332,16 +315,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      __builtin_unreachable();
>
> 	    _S_check_init_len(__len, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	    pointer __tmp(_M_allocate_and_copy(__len, __first, __last));
>-	    std::_Destroy(this->_M_impl._M_start, this->_M_impl._M_finish,
>-			  _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	    _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>-	    _M_deallocate(this->_M_impl._M_start,
>-			  this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage
>-			  - this->_M_impl._M_start);
>-	    this->_M_impl._M_start = __tmp;
>-	    this->_M_impl._M_finish = this->_M_impl._M_start + __len;
>-	    this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>+	    _M_replace_with(__len, __first, __last);
> 	  }
> 	else if (__sz >= __len)
> 	  _M_erase_at_end(std::copy(__first, __last, this->_M_impl._M_start));
>@@ -464,13 +438,15 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>     _M_realloc_insert(iterator __position, const _Tp& __x)
> #endif
>     {
>-      const size_type __len = _M_check_len(1u, "vector::_M_realloc_insert");
>-      if (__len <= 0)
>+      const size_type __len1 = _M_check_len(1u, "vector::_M_realloc_insert");
>+      if (__len1 <= 0)
> 	__builtin_unreachable();
>       pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
>       pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>       const size_type __elems_before = __position - begin();
>-      pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+      _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__len1);
>+      const size_type __len = __r.__count;
>+      pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
>       pointer __new_finish(__new_start);
>
>       {
>@@ -574,14 +550,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>       const size_type __len = _M_check_len(1u, "vector::_M_realloc_append");
>       if (__len <= 0)
> 	__builtin_unreachable();
>-      pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
>-      pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>+      const pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
>+      const pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>       const size_type __elems = size();
>-      pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+      const _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__len);
>+      const size_type __rlen = __r.__count;
>+      const pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
>       pointer __new_finish(__new_start);
>
>       {
>-	_Guard_alloc __guard(__new_start, __len, *this);
>+	_Guard_alloc __guard(__new_start, __rlen, *this);
>
> 	// The order of the three operations is dictated by the C++11
> 	// case, where the moves could alter a new element belonging
>@@ -652,7 +630,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
>
>       this->_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
>       this->_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
>-      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __len;
>+      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __rlen;
>     }
> #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
>
>@@ -716,10 +694,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
> 	      const pointer __pos = __position.base();
>
>-	      const size_type __len =
>+	      const size_type __len1 =
> 		_M_check_len(__n, "vector::_M_fill_insert");
> 	      const size_type __elems_before = __pos - __old_start;
>-	      pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+	      _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__len1);
>+	      const size_type __len = __r.__count;
>+	      pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
> 	      pointer __new_finish(__new_start);
> 	      __try
> 		{
>@@ -727,21 +707,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		  std::__uninitialized_fill_n_a(__new_start + __elems_before,
> 						__n, __x,
> 						_M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-		  __new_finish = pointer();
>-
>-		  __new_finish
>-		    = std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a
>-		    (__old_start, __pos, __new_start, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-
>+		  __new_finish = pointer();  // ... in case of a throw.
>+		  __new_finish = std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a(
>+		      __old_start, __pos, __new_start, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
> 		  __new_finish += __n;
>-
>-		  __new_finish
>-		    = std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a
>-		    (__pos, __old_finish, __new_finish, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>+		  __new_finish = std::__uninitialized_move_if_noexcept_a(
>+		      __pos, __old_finish, __new_finish, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
> 		}
> 	      __catch(...)
> 		{
>-		  if (!__new_finish)
>+		  if (__new_finish == pointer())
> 		    std::_Destroy(__new_start + __elems_before,
> 				  __new_start + __elems_before + __n,
> 				  _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>@@ -752,12 +727,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		  __throw_exception_again;
> 		}
> 	      std::_Destroy(__old_start, __old_finish, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	      _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>-	      _M_deallocate(__old_start,
>-			    this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage - __old_start);
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
>-	      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __len;
>+	      _M_replace_storage(__new_start, __new_finish, __len);
> 	    }
> 	}
>     }
>@@ -785,9 +755,10 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	   pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
> 	   const size_type __old_size = __old_finish - __old_start;
>
>-	   const size_type __len =
>-	     _M_check_len(__n, "vector::_M_fill_append");
>-	   pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+	   size_type __len = _M_check_len(__n, "vector::_M_fill_append");
>+	   _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__len);
>+	   __len = __r.__count;
>+	   pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
> 	   pointer __new_finish(__new_start + __old_size);
> 	   __try
> 	     {
>@@ -807,12 +778,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		__throw_exception_again;
> 	      }
> 	   std::_Destroy(__old_start, __old_finish, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-	   _GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>-	   _M_deallocate(__old_start,
>-			 this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage - __old_start);
>-	   this->_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
>-	   this->_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
>-	   this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __len;
>+	   _M_replace_storage(__new_start, __new_finish, __len);
> 	 }
>     }
>
>@@ -852,9 +818,11 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
> 	      pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>
>-	      const size_type __len =
>+	      const size_type __len1 =
> 		_M_check_len(__n, "vector::_M_default_append");
>-	      pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+	      _Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__len1);
>+	      const size_type __len = __r.__count;
>+	      pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
>
> 	      {
> 		_Guard_alloc __guard(__new_start, __len, *this);
>@@ -1003,14 +971,16 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		pointer __old_start = this->_M_impl._M_start;
> 		pointer __old_finish = this->_M_impl._M_finish;
>
>-		const size_type __len =
>+		const size_type __ask =
> 		  _M_check_len(__n, "vector::_M_range_insert");
> #if __cplusplus < 201103L
>-		if (__len < (__n + (__old_finish - __old_start)))
>+		if (__ask < (__n + (__old_finish - __old_start)))
> 		  __builtin_unreachable();
> #endif
>
>-		pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>+		_Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__ask);
>+		const size_type __got = __r.__count;
>+		pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
> 		pointer __new_finish(__new_start);
> 		__try
> 		  {
>@@ -1031,17 +1001,12 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		  {
> 		    std::_Destroy(__new_start, __new_finish,
> 				  _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-		    _M_deallocate(__new_start, __len);
>+		    _M_deallocate(__new_start, __got);
> 		    __throw_exception_again;
> 		  }
> 		std::_Destroy(__old_start, __old_finish,
> 			      _M_get_Tp_allocator());
>-		_GLIBCXX_ASAN_ANNOTATE_REINIT;
>-		_M_deallocate(__old_start,
>-			      this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage - __old_start);
>-		this->_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
>-		this->_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
>-		this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __len;
>+		_M_replace_storage(__new_start, __new_finish, __got);
> 	      }
> 	  }
>       }
>@@ -1111,7 +1076,7 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 	      }
> 	    else // Reallocate
> 	      {
>-		const size_type __len
>+		const size_type __ask
> 		  = _M_check_len(__n, "vector::insert_range");
>
> 		struct _Guard : _Guard_alloc
>@@ -1130,8 +1095,10 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		};
>
> 		// Allocate new storage:
>-		pointer __new_start(this->_M_allocate(__len));
>-		_Guard __guard(__new_start, __len, *this);
>+		_Alloc_result __r = this->_M_allocate_at_least(__ask);
>+		const size_type __got = __r.__count;
>+		pointer __new_start(__r.__ptr);
>+		_Guard __guard(__new_start, __got, *this);
>
> 		auto& __alloc = _M_get_Tp_allocator();
>
>@@ -1158,13 +1125,13 @@ _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
> 		// with __guard so that it cleans up the old storage:
> 		this->_M_impl._M_start = __guard._M_storage;
> 		this->_M_impl._M_finish = __guard._M_finish;
>-		this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __len;
>+		this->_M_impl._M_end_of_storage = __new_start + __got;
> 		__guard._M_storage = __old_start;
> 		__guard._M_finish = __old_finish;
> 		__guard._M_len = (__old_finish - __old_start) + __cap;
> 		// _Asan::_Reinit destructor marks unused capacity.
> 		// _Guard destructor destroys [old_start,old_finish).
>-		// _Guard_alloc destructor frees [old_start,old_start+len).
>+		// _Guard_alloc destructor frees [old_start,old_start+got).
> 	      }
> 	    return begin() + __ins_idx;
> 	  }
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc
>index 5399096d294..987e2472490 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/20_util/allocator/allocate_at_least.cc
>@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ template <typename T>
>       }
>   };
>
>-int main()
>+void base()
> {
>   std::allocator<X> native;
>   auto a1 = native.allocate_at_least(100);
>@@ -63,3 +63,109 @@ int main()
>   VERIFY(a5.ptr == minimal.keep);
>   minimal_traits::deallocate(minimal, a5.ptr, a5.count);
> }
>+
>+void extra()
>+{
>+  using SatC = std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<char>>;
>+  std::allocator<char> satc;
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatC::allocate_at_least(satc, 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatC::deallocate(satc, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatC::allocate_at_least(satc, 2);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatC::deallocate(satc, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] =
>+      SatC::allocate_at_least(satc, __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatC::deallocate(satc, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatC::allocate_at_least(
>+	satc, __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatC::deallocate(satc, p, n);
>+  }
>+
>+  using SatS = std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<short>>;
>+  std::allocator<short> sats;
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatS::allocate_at_least(sats, 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(short));
>+    SatS::deallocate(sats, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatS::allocate_at_least(sats, 2);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(short));
>+    SatS::deallocate(sats, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatS::allocate_at_least(sats,
>+	(__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1) / sizeof(short));
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(short));
>+    SatS::deallocate(sats, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatS::allocate_at_least(sats,
>+	__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(short));
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(short));
>+    SatS::deallocate(sats, p, n);
>+  }
>+
>+  struct A3 { char s[3]; };
>+  using SatA3 = std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<A3>>;
>+  std::allocator<A3> sata3;
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatA3::allocate_at_least(sata3, 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A3));
>+    SatA3::deallocate(sata3, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatA3::allocate_at_least(sata3, 2);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A3));
>+    SatA3::deallocate(sata3, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatA3::allocate_at_least(sata3,
>+	(__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1) / sizeof(A3));
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A3));
>+    SatA3::deallocate(sata3, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatA3::allocate_at_least(sata3,
>+	__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A3));
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A3));
>+    SatA3::deallocate(sata3, p, n);
>+  }
>+
>+  struct Anm1 { char s[__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1]; };
>+  using SatAnm1 = std::allocator_traits<std::allocator<Anm1>>;
>+  std::allocator<Anm1> satanm1;
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatAnm1::allocate_at_least(satanm1, 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == 1);
>+    SatAnm1::deallocate(satanm1, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatAnm1::allocate_at_least(satanm1,
>+	__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatAnm1::deallocate(satanm1, p, n);
>+  }
>+  {
>+    auto [p, n] = SatAnm1::allocate_at_least(satanm1,
>+	__STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1);
>+    VERIFY(n == __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__);
>+    SatAnm1::deallocate(satanm1, p, n);
>+  }
>+}
>+
>+int main()
>+{
>+  base();
>+  extra();
>+}
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc
>index d542f34d08e..59012a1c170 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/18654.cc
>@@ -58,7 +58,12 @@ void test01()
> #else
>       str.shrink_to_fit(); // reserve is deprecated in C++20
> #endif
>-      VERIFY( str.capacity() == i );
>+#if __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+      unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1;
>+#else
>+      unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+      VERIFY( str.capacity() - i <= limit);
>     }
> }
>
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc
>index a26d524dddf..ae5df746f35 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/char/shrink_to_fit.cc
>@@ -30,7 +30,12 @@ void test01()
>   s.push_back('b');
>   VERIFY( s.size() < s.capacity() );
>   s.shrink_to_fit();
>-  VERIFY( s.size() == s.capacity() );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ - 1;
>+#else
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+  VERIFY( s.capacity() - s.size() <= limit );
> }
>
> int main()
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc
>index 49e45c764c4..bf3b8dd5581 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/18654.cc
>@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ void test01()
>       const size_type cap = str.capacity();
>       VERIFY( cap >= 3 * i );
>
>+      // no shrink.
>       str.reserve(2 * i);
>       VERIFY( str.capacity() == cap );
>
>@@ -58,7 +59,12 @@ void test01()
> #else
>       str.shrink_to_fit(); // reserve is deprecated in C++20
> #endif
>-      VERIFY( str.capacity() == i );
>+#if __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+      unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(wchar_t) - 1;
>+#else
>+      unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+      VERIFY( str.capacity() - i <= limit);
>     }
> }
>
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc
>index bff2bdd1862..04a3763fc77 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/2.cc
>@@ -27,14 +27,21 @@
> void test02()
> {
>   std::wstring str01 = L"twelve chars";
>-  // str01 becomes shared
>-  std::wstring str02 = str01;
>+  str01.reserve(100);
> #if __cplusplus <= 201703L
>   str01.reserve();
> #else
>   str01.shrink_to_fit(); // reserve is deprecated in C++20
> #endif
>-  VERIFY( str01.capacity() == 12 );
>+  // These are not guaranteed to absolutely minimize storage.
>+  // allocator<wchar_t>::allocate_at_least rounds up to what
>+  // it knows ::op new delivers.
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(wchar_t) - 1;
>+#else
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+  VERIFY( str01.capacity() - str01.size() <= limit);
> }
>
> int main()
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc
>index b4d0224a9d8..fc0f659539f 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/21_strings/basic_string/capacity/wchar_t/shrink_to_fit.cc
>@@ -30,7 +30,12 @@ void test01()
>   s.push_back(L'b');
>   VERIFY( s.size() < s.capacity() );
>   s.shrink_to_fit();
>-  VERIFY( s.size() == s.capacity() );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(wchar_t) - 1;
>+#else
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+  VERIFY( s.capacity() - s.size() <= limit );
> }
>
> int main()
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc
>index 74c68712b47..d4aa4d89b56 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit.cc
>@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ void test01()
>   v.push_back(1);
>   VERIFY( v.size() < v.capacity() );
>   v.shrink_to_fit();
>-#if __cpp_exceptions
>-  VERIFY( v.size() == v.capacity() );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(int);
> #else
>-  VERIFY( v.size() < v.capacity() );
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
> #endif
>+  VERIFY(v.capacity() - v.size() <= limit);
> }
>
> int main()
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc
>index c8faa9ded80..9489e043845 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/capacity/shrink_to_fit2.cc
>@@ -32,7 +32,12 @@ void test01()
>   v.reserve(100);
>   VERIFY( v.size() < v.capacity() );
>   v.shrink_to_fit();
>-  VERIFY( v.size() == v.capacity() );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(int);
>+#else
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+  VERIFY( v.capacity() - v.size() <= limit);
>   VERIFY( v.get_allocator().get_personality() == alloc.get_personality() );
> }
>
>@@ -45,7 +50,12 @@ void test02()
>   v.reserve(100);
>   VERIFY( v.size() < v.capacity() );
>   v.shrink_to_fit();
>-  VERIFY( v.size() == v.capacity() );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned limit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(int);
>+#else
>+  unsigned limit = 0;
>+#endif
>+  VERIFY( v.capacity() - v.size() <= limit);
>   VERIFY( v.get_allocator().get_personality() == alloc.get_personality() );
> }
>
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc
>index 00a0c7b06ea..629f35f05ba 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/23_containers/vector/modifiers/emplace/self_emplace.cc
>@@ -99,37 +99,37 @@ struct A
> void
> test03()
> {
>-  std::vector<A> va =
>-    {
>-      { A(1) },
>-      { A(2) },
>-      { A(3) }
>-    };
>-
>-  // Make sure emplace will imply reallocation.
>-  VERIFY( va.capacity() == 3 );
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned fit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A);
>+#else
>+  unsigned fit = 4;
>+#endif
>+  std::vector<A> va; va.reserve(fit);
>+  for (int i = 1; va.size() < va.capacity(); ++i)
>+      va.push_back(A(i));
>
>   va.emplace(va.begin(), va.begin());
>
>-  VERIFY( va.size() == 4 );
>+  VERIFY( va.size() == fit + 1 );
>   VERIFY( va[0]._i == 1 );
> }
>
> void
> test04()
> {
>-  std::vector<A> va =
>-    {
>-      { A(1) },
>-      { A(2) },
>-      { A(3) }
>-    };
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+  unsigned fit = __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ / sizeof(A);
>+#else
>+  unsigned fit = 4;
>+#endif
>+  std::vector<A> va; va.reserve(fit);
>+  for (int i = 1; va.size() < va.capacity() - 1; ++i)
>+      va.push_back(A(i));
>
>   // Make sure emplace won't reallocate.
>-  va.reserve(4);
>   va.emplace(va.begin(), va.begin());
>
>-  VERIFY( va.size() == 4 );
>+  VERIFY( va.size() == fit );
>   VERIFY( va[0]._i == 1 );
> }
>
>diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h
>index 892a385e307..1b3e1e8bb16 100644
>--- a/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h
>+++ b/libstdc++-v3/testsuite/util/testsuite_allocator.h
>@@ -168,6 +168,16 @@ namespace __gnu_test
> 	  : Alloc(alloc)
> 	{ }
>
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least // C++23
>+      std::allocation_result<pointer, size_type>
>+      allocate_at_least(size_type n)
>+      {
>+	auto [p, c] = AllocTraits::allocate_at_least(*this, n);
>+	counter_type::allocate(c * sizeof(T));
>+	return { p, c };
>+      }
>+#endif
>+
>       pointer
>       allocate(size_type n, const void* = 0)
>       {
>@@ -373,6 +383,32 @@ namespace __gnu_test
> 	return p;
>       }
>
>+#ifdef __glibcxx_allocate_at_least
>+      constexpr auto
>+      allocate_at_least(size_type n)
>+      -> std::allocation_result<Tp*, size_t>
>+      {
>+	auto r = AllocTraits::allocate_at_least(*this, n);
>+
>+	if consteval
>+	  { return r; }
>+	else
>+	  {
>+	    try
>+	      {
>+		get_map().insert(map_type::value_type(
>+		      reinterpret_cast<void*>(r.ptr), personality));
>+	      }
>+	    catch(...)
>+	      {
>+		AllocTraits::deallocate(*this, r.ptr, r.count);
>+		__throw_exception_again;
>+	      }
>+	    return r;
>+	  }
>+      }
>+#endif
>+
>       _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR
>       void
>       deallocate(pointer p, size_type n)
>-- 
>2.53.0
>
>



More information about the Libstdc++ mailing list