[PATCH v2] libstdc++: Remove dependency on std::atomic<unsigned> in tzdb.cc

Torbjorn SVENSSON torbjorn.svensson@foss.st.com
Wed Jul 1 12:49:36 GMT 2026


Hi,

When trying to build r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d, I get the following compilation error:

libtool: compile:  /build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/./gcc/xgcc -shared-libgcc -B/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/./gcc -nostdinc++ -L/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7/nofp/libstdc++-v3/src -L/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7/nofp/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs -L/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7/nofp/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/.libs -B/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi/bin/ -B/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7/nofp -B/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi/lib/ -isystem /build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi/include -isystem 
/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi/sys-include -mthumb -march=armv7 -mfloat-abi=soft -I/build/gcc_src/libstdc++-v3/../libgcc -I/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7/nofp/libstdc++-v3/include/arm-none-eabi -I/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6dgcc-final/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7/nofp/libstdc++-v3/include -I/build/gcc_src/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++ -std=gnu++20 -fno-implicit-templates -Wall -Wextra -Wwrite-strings -Wcast-qual -Wabi=19 -fdiagnostics-show-location=once -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -frandom-seed=tzdb.lo -fimplicit-templates -g -O2 -mthumb -march=armv7 -mfloat-abi=soft -c /build/gcc_src/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc -o tzdb.o
...
/build/gcc_src/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc: In static member function 'static const std::chrono::tzdb& std::chrono::tzdb_list::_Node::_S_replace_head(std::shared_ptr<std::chrono::tzdb_list::_Node>, std::shared_ptr<std::chrono::tzdb_list::_Node>)':
/build/gcc_src/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc:1617:22: error: 'struct std::chrono::tzdb_list::_Node::NumLeapSeconds' has no member named 'set_locked'
  1617 |     num_leap_seconds.set_locked(new_head_ptr->db.leap_seconds.size(), lock);
       |                      ^~~~~~~~~~
Makefile:575: recipe for target 'tzdb.lo' failed
make[9]: *** [tzdb.lo] Error 1
make[9]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....


I am configured GCC with the following options:

/build/gcc_src/configure \
	--target=arm-none-eabi \
	--prefix=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d \
	--libexecdir=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/lib \
	--infodir=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/info \
	--mandir=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/man \
	--htmldir=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/html \
	--pdfdir=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/pdf \
	--enable-checking=release \
	--enable-languages=c,c++ \
	--enable-plugins \
	--disable-decimal-float \
	--disable-libffi \
	--disable-libgomp \
	--disable-libmudflap \
	--disable-libquadmath \
	--disable-libssp \
	--disable-libstdcxx-pch \
	--disable-nls \
	--disable-shared \
	--disable-threads \
	--disable-tls \
	--with-gnu-as \
	--with-gnu-ld \
	--with-newlib \
	--with-headers=yes \
	--with-python-dir=share/gcc-arm-none-eabi \
	--with-sysroot=/build/r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d/arm-none-eabi \
	--with-zstd=no \
	--build=x86_64-linux-gnu \
	--host=x86_64-linux-gnu \
	--with-gmp=/build/host-libs/usr \
	--with-mpfr=/build/host-libs/usr \
	--with-mpc=/build/host-libs/usr \
	--with-isl=/build/host-libs/usr \
	'--with-host-libstdcxx=-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' \
	'--with-pkgversion=r17-2056-g44e33b2d621d6d' \
	--with-multilib-list=rmprofile,aprofile


On 2026-06-30 19:41, Jonathan Wakely wrote:
> My r17-471-ge79f0f818c0e42 change to optimize handling of leap seconds
> introduced a hard dependency on std::atomic<unsigned>, which causes
> problems for targets without atomic word operations, like Cortex-M0.:
> https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2026-June/719704.html
> 
> This patch replaces the num_leap_seconds variable with a struct which
> decides whether to use std::atomic_ref<unsigned> or perform all accesses
> while holding a lock on the pre-existing mutex used for the tzdb_list
> singleton.
> 
> The workaround is a bit ugly, because it assumes that there is only one
> caller of num_leap_seconds.set and that the list_mutex() is locked by
> that caller iff the tzdb_list doesn't use atomic<shared_ptr<>>. To make
> the assumption explicit, there are two different functions used to
> update the value, depending on whether the mutex is used or not.
> 
> libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:
> 
> 	* src/c++20/tzdb.cc (_Node::NumLeapSeconds): New class.
> 	(_Node::num_leap_seconds): New static variable.
> 	(num_leap_seconds): Remove.
> 	(__detail::__recent_leap_second_info): Replace uses of
> 	num_leap_seconds with _Node::num_leap_seconds.
> 	(_Node::_S_replace_head): Likewise.
> ---
> 
> v2: Replace NumLeapSeconds::set by two members, set_atomically and
> set_locked.
> 
> Tested x86_64-linux.
> 
>   libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc | 119 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------
>   1 file changed, 94 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc
> index 5793155b6d89..9e601fc176f3 100644
> --- a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc
> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++20/tzdb.cc
> @@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
>   #endif
>   
>   #if USE_ATOMIC_SHARED_PTR && ! USE_ATOMIC_LIST_HEAD
> +// Cannot use atomic<shared_ptr<T>> without lock-free atomic<T*>.
>   # error Unsupported combination
>   #endif
>   
> @@ -200,6 +201,10 @@ namespace std::chrono
>   
>       // This is here because _Node is a friend so can call private constructor.
>       static const leap_second fixed_leaps[];
> +
> +    // This is a member so that it can access fixed_leaps.
> +    struct NumLeapSeconds;
> +    static NumLeapSeconds num_leap_seconds;
>     };
>   
>     // Implementation of the private constructor used for the singleton object.
> @@ -1301,12 +1306,85 @@ namespace
>     // The expiry date corresponding to the list above.
>     // tzdata 2026a leapseconds list expires at 2026-12-28 00:00:00 UTC
>     constexpr seconds fixed_expiry{1798416000u};
> -
> -  // This holds the most up-to-date number of leap seconds known at runtime.
> -  // Initially zero, updated when _S_read_leap_seconds() is called.
> -  constinit atomic<unsigned> num_leap_seconds{0};
>   }
>   
> +// This holds the most up-to-date number of leap seconds known at runtime.
> +// Initially zero, updated when _S_read_leap_seconds() is called.
> +struct tzdb_list::_Node::NumLeapSeconds
> +{
> +  // Called by __recent_leap_second_info to read num_leap_seconds.
> +  unsigned
> +  get()
> +  {
> +#if ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE == 2
> +    atomic_ref<unsigned> ref(count);
> +    auto num = ref.load(memory_order::relaxed);
> +
> +    if (num == std::size(_Node::fixed_leaps))
> +      // A leapseconds file has been read and has no new leap seconds.
> +      return num;
> +
> +    if (num == 0)
> +      // No leapseconds file has been read yet.
> +      return 0;
> +
> +    // The tzdb_list has been initialized and contains a tzdb object with
> +    // new leap seconds, which the caller is going to use.
> +    // The relaxed load above does not synchronize with anything, so to
> +    // ensure that the get_tzdb_list() in the caller will see a tzdb object
> +    // set by _S_replace_head, we load num_leap_seconds again with acquire
> +    // ordering:
> +    return ref.load(memory_order::acquire);
> +#else
> +    lock_guard<mutex> l(list_mutex()); // This ensures acquire ordering.
> +    return count;
> +#endif
> +  }
> +
> +  // Called by __recent_leap_second_info to set num_leap_seconds when
> +  // we have determined there are no new leap seconds in a leapseconds file.
> +  void
> +  set_to_fixed_size()
> +  {
> +#if ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE == 2
> +    atomic_ref<unsigned> ref(count);
> +    unsigned expected = 0;
> +    ref.compare_exchange_strong(expected, std::size(_Node::fixed_leaps),
> +				memory_order::relaxed);
> +#else
> +    lock_guard<mutex> l(list_mutex());
> +    if (count == 0)
> +      count = std::size(_Node::fixed_leaps);
> +#endif
> +  }
> +
> +  // Called by _Node::_S_replace_head
> +  // The two versions are named differently so that caller has to be explicit
> +  // about which version it calls, based on whether the mutex is held.
> +#if ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE == 2
> +  void
> +  set_atomically(unsigned val)
> +  {
> +    atomic_ref<unsigned> ref(count);
> +    // The release op here synchronizes with the acquire op in get().
> +    ref.store(val, memory_order::release);
> +  }
> +#else
> +  void
> +  set_locked(unsigned val, const lock_guard<mutex>&)
> +  {
> +    // XXX The only caller of this function locks list_mutex() so we would
> +    // deadlock if we locked it again here.
> +    count = val;
> +  }
> +#endif
> +
> +private:
> +  unsigned count = 0;
> +};
> +
> +constinit tzdb_list::_Node::NumLeapSeconds tzdb_list::_Node::num_leap_seconds;
> +
>     namespace __detail
>     {
>       // Called by chrono::__detail::__get_leap_second_info in <chrono>
> @@ -1368,19 +1446,11 @@ namespace
>   
>         constexpr auto num_fixed_leaps = std::size(_Node::fixed_leaps);
>   
> -      auto num_leaps = num_leap_seconds.load(memory_order::relaxed);
> +      auto num_leaps = _Node::num_leap_seconds.get();
>         if (num_leaps == num_fixed_leaps)
>   	// A leapseconds file has been read and has no new leap seconds:
>   	return update_info(_Node::fixed_leaps);
> -      else if (num_leaps != 0)
> -	// The tzdb_list has been initialized and contains a tzdb object
> -	// with new leap seconds, which we want to use here.
> -	// The relaxed load above does not synchronize with anything, so to
> -	// ensure that the get_tzdb_list() below will see a tzdb object set
> -	// by _S_replace_head, we load num_leap_seconds again with acquire
> -	// ordering:
> -	(void) num_leap_seconds.load(memory_order::acquire);
> -      else
> +      else if (num_leaps == 0)
>   	{
>   	  // The tzdb_list has not been initialized yet, so we don't know
>   	  // the correct number of leap seconds.
> @@ -1389,11 +1459,9 @@ namespace
>   	  // to parse all of tzdata.zi and initialize a whole tzdb object.
>   	  if (_Node::_S_read_leap_seconds().first.size() == num_fixed_leaps)
>   	    {
> -	      // There are no new leap seconds. remember that so that the next
> +	      // There are no new leap seconds. Remember that so that the next
>   	      // call to this function can just use fixed_leaps.
> -	      num_leap_seconds.compare_exchange_strong(num_leaps,
> -						       num_fixed_leaps,
> -						       memory_order::relaxed);
> +	      _Node::num_leap_seconds.set_to_fixed_size();
>   	      return update_info(_Node::fixed_leaps);
>   	    }
>   	  // else there are new leap seconds. We init tzdb_list so that the
> @@ -1525,8 +1593,13 @@ namespace
>   	new_head_ptr->next = curr;
>         }
>       // XXX small window here where _S_head_cache still points to previous tzdb.
> +    _S_cache_list_head(new_head_ptr);
> +
> +    // This allows __recent_leap_second_info() to know that it can use
> +    // get_tzdb_list()->begin()->leap_seconds to get new leap seconds.
> +    num_leap_seconds.set_atomically(new_head_ptr->db.leap_seconds.size());
>   #else
> -    lock_guard<mutex> l(list_mutex());
> +    lock_guard<mutex> lock(list_mutex());
>       if (const _Node* h = _S_head_owner.get())
>         {
>   	if (h->db.version == new_head_ptr->db.version)
> @@ -1534,14 +1607,10 @@ namespace
>   	new_head_ptr->next = _S_head_owner;
>         }
>       _S_head_owner = std::move(new_head);
> -#endif
>       _S_cache_list_head(new_head_ptr);
>   
> -    // This allows __recent_leap_second_info() to know that it can use
> -    // get_tzdb_list()->begin()->leap_seconds to get new leap seconds.
> -    // The release op here synchronizes with the acquire op there.
> -    num_leap_seconds.store(new_head_ptr->db.leap_seconds.size(),
> -			   memory_order::release);
> +    num_leap_seconds.set_locked(new_head_ptr->db.leap_seconds.size(), lock);

Looks like the pre-processor condition here is missaligned with the preprocessor condition for the definition of set_locked().

Hope this helps to figure out how to get trunk buildable again.

Kind regards,
Torbjörn

> +#endif
>   
>       return new_head_ptr->db;
>     }



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