[PATCH v1 3/4] libstdc++: Implement std::extents [PR107761].

Luc Grosheintz luc.grosheintz@gmail.com
Thu Apr 10 15:54:22 GMT 2025



On 4/9/25 9:23 AM, Luc Grosheintz wrote:
> This implements std::extents from <mdspan> according to N4950 and
> contains partial progress towards PR107761.
> 
> If an extent changes its type, there's a precondition in the standard,
> that the value is representable in the target integer type. This commit
> uses a static_cast for all of these conversions, without any additional
> checks.
> 
> The precondition for 'extents::{static_,}extent' is that '__r < rank()'.
> For extents<T> this precondition is always violated and results in
> calling __builtin_trap. For all other specializations it's checked via
> __glibcxx_assert.
> 
> 	PR libstdc++/107761
> 
> libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog:
> 
> 	* include/std/mdspan (extents): New class.
> 	* src/c++23/std.cc.in: Add 'using std::extents'.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Luc Grosheintz <luc.grosheintz@gmail.com>
> ---
>   libstdc++-v3/include/std/mdspan  | 400 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   libstdc++-v3/src/c++23/std.cc.in |   6 +-
>   2 files changed, 405 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mdspan b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mdspan
> index 4094a416d1e..5c6a1868d62 100644
> --- a/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mdspan
> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/include/std/mdspan
> @@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
>   #pragma GCC system_header
>   #endif
>   
> +#include <span>
> +#include <array>
> +#include <type_traits>
> +
>   #define __glibcxx_want_mdspan
>   #include <bits/version.h>
>   
> @@ -42,6 +46,402 @@ namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
>   {
>   _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>   
> +  namespace __detail
> +  {
> +    // Computed as: sum_i (i == __r) * E_i
> +    template<size_t _Count, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _StaticExtent;
> +
> +    template<size_t _Count, size_t _Extent, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _StaticExtent<_Count, _Extent, _Extents...>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __r) noexcept
> +	{
> +	  return (_Count == __r) * _Extent
> +		 + _StaticExtent<_Count + 1, _Extents...>::_M_value(__r);
> +	}
> +      };
> +
> +    template<size_t _Count>
> +      struct _StaticExtent<_Count>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __r) noexcept
> +	{ return 0; }
> +      };
> +
> +    // Computed as: sum_i (i < __r) * (E_i == dynamic_extent)
> +    template<size_t _Count, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _DynamicIndex;
> +
> +    template<size_t _Count, size_t _Extent, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _DynamicIndex<_Count, _Extent, _Extents...>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __r) noexcept
> +	{
> +	  return (_Count < __r) * (_Extent == dynamic_extent)
> +		 + _DynamicIndex<_Count + 1, _Extents...>::_M_value(__r);
> +	}
> +      };
> +
> +    template<size_t _Count>
> +      struct _DynamicIndex<_Count>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __r) noexcept
> +	{ return 0; }
> +      };
> +
> +    // Computed by: counting the number of dynamic extents (_Dr); and returning
> +    // the static index first time `__di == _Dr`.
> +    template<size_t _Si, size_t _Dr, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _DynamicIndexInv;
> +
> +    template<size_t _Si, size_t _Dr, size_t _Extent, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _DynamicIndexInv<_Si, _Dr, _Extent, _Extents...>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __di) noexcept
> +	{
> +	  if (_Extent == dynamic_extent && __di == _Dr)
> +	    return _Si;
> +	  else
> +	    return _DynamicIndexInv<_Si+1, _Dr + (_Extent == dynamic_extent),
> +				    _Extents...>
> +		   ::_M_value(__di);
> +	}
> +      };
> +
> +    template<size_t _Si, size_t _Dr, size_t _Extent>
> +      struct _DynamicIndexInv<_Si, _Dr, _Extent>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_value(size_t __di) noexcept
> +	{
> +	  __glibcxx_assert(__di == _Dr);
> +	  return _Si;
> +	}
> +      };
> +
> +    // Aim: __ext[i] for template parameter packs.
> +    template<size_t _Count, typename... _IndexTypes>
> +      struct _GetPackElement;
> +
> +    template<size_t _Count, typename _IndexType, typename... _IndexTypes>
> +      struct _GetPackElement<_Count, _IndexType, _IndexTypes...>
> +      {
> +	template<size_t _Index>
> +	  static constexpr const auto&
> +	  get(const _IndexType& __current, const _IndexTypes&... __rest)
> +	  {
> +	    if constexpr (_Index == _Count)
> +	      return __current;
> +	    else
> +	      return _GetPackElement<_Count+1, _IndexTypes...>
> +		     ::template get<_Index>(__rest...);
> +	  }
> +      };
> +
> +    template<size_t _Di, typename... _IndexTypes>
> +      constexpr const auto&
> +      __get_element(const _IndexTypes&... __exts)
> +      {
> +	return _GetPackElement<0, _IndexTypes...>
> +	       ::template get<_Di>(__exts...);
> +      }
> +
> +    template<size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _DynamicRank
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t _S_value = ((_Extents == dynamic_extent) + ...);
> +      };
> +
> +    template<>
> +      struct _DynamicRank<>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t _S_value = 0;
> +      };
> +
> +    template<typename _IndexType, typename _DynamicIndexes, typename _Indexes,
> +	     size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _ExtentsStorage;
> +
> +    template<typename _IndexType, size_t... _DynamicIndexes, size_t... _Indexes,
> +	     size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _ExtentsStorage<_IndexType, index_sequence<_DynamicIndexes...>,
> +			     index_sequence<_Indexes...>, _Extents...>
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t _S_rank = sizeof...(_Extents);
> +
> +	static constexpr size_t _S_rank_dynamic =
> +	  _DynamicRank<_Extents...>::_S_value;
> +
> +	static constexpr array<size_t, _S_rank_dynamic> _S_dynamic_index_inv{
> +	  _DynamicIndexInv<0, 0, _Extents...> ::_M_value(_DynamicIndexes)...};
> +
> +	static constexpr array<size_t, _S_rank> _S_dynamic_index {
> +	  _DynamicIndex<0, _Extents...>::_M_value(_Indexes)...};
> +
> +	template<typename _Tp>
> +	  static constexpr _IndexType
> +	  _M_int_cast(const _Tp& __other)
> +	  { return __other; }
> +
> +	constexpr _ExtentsStorage() = default;
> +
> +	template<typename _OIndexType, typename _ODynamicIndexes,
> +		 typename _OIndexes, size_t... _OExtents>
> +	  constexpr _ExtentsStorage(
> +	    const _ExtentsStorage<_OIndexType, _ODynamicIndexes, _OIndexes,
> +				  _OExtents...>& __other)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(__other._M_extent(
> +	      _S_dynamic_index_inv[_DynamicIndexes]))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<size_t _Di, typename... _OIndexTypes>
> +	  static constexpr const auto&
> +	  _M_get_dynamic_element(const _OIndexTypes&... __exts)
> +	  { return __get_element<_S_dynamic_index_inv[_Di]>(__exts...); }
> +
> +	template<typename... _OIndexTypes>
> +	  requires (sizeof...(_OIndexTypes) == _S_rank_dynamic)
> +		   && (is_convertible_v<_OIndexTypes, _IndexType> && ...)
> +	  constexpr
> +	  _ExtentsStorage(const _OIndexTypes&... __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      __get_element<_DynamicIndexes>(__exts...))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<typename... _OIndexTypes>
> +	  requires (sizeof...(_OIndexTypes) != _S_rank_dynamic)
> +		   && (is_convertible_v<_OIndexTypes, _IndexType> && ...)
> +	  constexpr
> +	  _ExtentsStorage(const _OIndexTypes&... __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      _M_get_dynamic_element<_DynamicIndexes>(__exts...))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	  requires (_Nm == _S_rank_dynamic)
> +	  constexpr
> +	  _ExtentsStorage(const span<_OIndexType, _Nm>& __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      as_const(__exts[_DynamicIndexes]))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	  requires (_Nm != _S_rank_dynamic)
> +	  constexpr _ExtentsStorage(const span<_OIndexType, _Nm>& __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      as_const(__exts[_S_dynamic_index_inv[_DynamicIndexes]]))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	  requires (_Nm == _S_rank_dynamic)
> +	  constexpr
> +	  _ExtentsStorage(const array<_OIndexType, _Nm>& __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      as_const(__exts[_DynamicIndexes]))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	  requires (_Nm != _S_rank_dynamic)
> +	  constexpr _ExtentsStorage(const array<_OIndexType, _Nm>& __exts)
> +	  : _M_dynamic_extents{_M_int_cast(
> +	      as_const(__exts[_S_dynamic_index_inv[_DynamicIndexes]]))...}
> +	  { }
> +
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_static_extent(size_t __r) noexcept
> +	{ return _StaticExtent<0, _Extents...>::_M_value(__r); }
> +
> +	constexpr _IndexType
> +	_M_extent(size_t __r) const noexcept
> +	{
> +	  auto __se = _M_static_extent(__r);
> +	  if (__se == dynamic_extent)
> +	    return _M_dynamic_extents[_S_dynamic_index[__r]];
> +	  else
> +	    return __se;
> +	}
> +      private:
> +	[[no_unique_address]]
> +	array<_IndexType, _S_rank_dynamic> _M_dynamic_extents;
> +      };
> +
> +    template<typename _IndexType, size_t... _Extents>
> +      using __extents_storage = _ExtentsStorage<
> +	_IndexType, make_index_sequence<_DynamicRank<_Extents...>::_S_value>,
> +	make_index_sequence<sizeof...(_Extents)>, _Extents...>;
> +  }
> +
> +  template<typename _IndexType, size_t... _Extents>
> +    class extents;
> +
> +  template<typename _SIndexType, size_t... _SExtents, typename _OIndexType,
> +	   size_t... _OExtents>
> +    constexpr bool
> +    operator==(const extents<_SIndexType, _SExtents...>& __self,
> +	       const extents<_OIndexType, _OExtents...>& __other) noexcept;
> +
> +  template<typename _IndexType, size_t... _Extents>
> +    class extents
> +    {
> +      static_assert(is_integral_v<_IndexType>, "_IndexType must be integral.");
> +
> +    public:
> +      using index_type = _IndexType;
> +      using size_type = make_signed_t<index_type>;
This should be `make_unsigned_t` and will be fixed with the next
version of this patch series.> +      using rank_type = size_t;
> +
> +      static constexpr rank_type
> +      rank() noexcept { return _ExtentsStorage::_S_rank; }
> +
> +      static constexpr rank_type
> +      rank_dynamic() noexcept { return _ExtentsStorage::_S_rank_dynamic; }
> +
> +      static constexpr size_t
> +      static_extent(rank_type __r) noexcept
> +      {
> +	if constexpr (rank() == 0)
> +	  __builtin_trap();
> +
> +	__glibcxx_assert(__r < rank());
> +	return _ExtentsStorage::_M_static_extent(__r);
> +      }
> +
> +      constexpr index_type
> +      extent(rank_type __r) const noexcept
> +      {
> +	if constexpr (rank() == 0)
> +	  __builtin_trap();
> +
> +	__glibcxx_assert(__r < rank());
> +	return _M_extents._M_extent(__r);
> +      }
> +
> +      constexpr
> +      extents() noexcept = default;
> +
> +    private:
> +      static constexpr bool
> +      _M_is_less_dynamic(size_t __ext, size_t __oext)
> +      { return (__ext != dynamic_extent) && (__oext == dynamic_extent); }
> +
> +      template<typename _Tp>
> +	static constexpr size_t
> +	_M_limits_max() { return numeric_limits<_Tp>::max(); }
> +
> +      template<typename _OIndexType, size_t... _OExtents>
> +	static constexpr bool
> +	_M_ctor_explicit()
> +	{
> +	  return (_M_is_less_dynamic(_Extents, _OExtents) || ...)
> +	    || (_M_limits_max<index_type>() < _M_limits_max<_OIndexType>());
> +	}
> +
> +    public:
> +      template<typename _OIndexType, size_t... _OExtents>
> +	requires (sizeof...(_OExtents) == rank())
> +		 && ((_OExtents == dynamic_extent || _Extents == dynamic_extent
> +		      || _OExtents == _Extents) && ...)
> +	constexpr explicit(_M_ctor_explicit<_OIndexType, _OExtents...>())
> +	extents(const extents<_OIndexType, _OExtents...>& __other) noexcept
> +	: _M_extents(__other._M_extents)
> +	{ }
> +
> +      template<typename... _OIndexTypes>
> +	requires (
> +	  ((sizeof...(_OIndexTypes) == rank()
> +	    || sizeof...(_OIndexTypes) == rank_dynamic()))
> +	  && (is_convertible_v<_OIndexTypes, index_type> && ...)
> +	  && (is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, _OIndexTypes> && ...))
> +	constexpr explicit extents(_OIndexTypes... __exts) noexcept
> +	: _M_extents(__exts...)
> +	{ }
> +
> +      template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	requires (is_convertible_v<const _OIndexType& , index_type>
> +		 && is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, const _OIndexType&>
> +		 && (_Nm == rank_dynamic() || _Nm == rank()))
> +	constexpr explicit(_Nm != rank_dynamic())
> +	extents(span<_OIndexType, _Nm> __exts) noexcept
> +	: _M_extents(__exts)
> +	{ }
> +
> +      template<typename _OIndexType, size_t _Nm>
> +	requires (is_convertible_v<const _OIndexType& , index_type>
> +		 && is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, const _OIndexType&>
> +		 && (_Nm == rank_dynamic() || _Nm == rank()))
> +	constexpr explicit(_Nm != rank_dynamic())
> +	extents(const array<_OIndexType, _Nm>& __exts) noexcept
> +	: _M_extents(__exts)
> +	{ }
> +
> +      template<typename _SIndexType, size_t... _SExtents, typename _OIndexType,
> +	       size_t... _OExtents>
> +	friend constexpr bool
> +	operator==(const extents&,
> +		   const extents<_OIndexType, _OExtents...>&) noexcept;
> +
> +    private:
> +      using _ExtentsStorage =
> +	typename __detail::__extents_storage<_IndexType, _Extents...>;
> +
> +      [[no_unique_address]] _ExtentsStorage _M_extents;
> +
> +      template<typename _OIndexType, size_t... _OExtents>
> +      friend class extents;
> +    };
> +
> +  template<typename _SIndexType, size_t... _SExtents, typename _OIndexType,
> +	   size_t... _OExtents>
> +    constexpr bool
> +    operator==(const extents<_SIndexType, _SExtents...>& __self,
> +	       const extents<_OIndexType, _OExtents...>& __other) noexcept
> +    {
> +      if constexpr (__self.rank() != __other.rank())
> +        return false;
> +
> +      for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __self.rank(); ++__i)
> +	if (__self.extent(__i) != __other.extent(__i))
> +	  return false;
> +      return true;
> +    }
> +
> +  namespace __detail
> +  {
> +    template<typename _IndexType, size_t _Count, size_t _Rank,
> +	     size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _Dextents
> +      {
> +	using type = typename _Dextents<_IndexType, _Count+1, _Rank,
> +					_Extents..., dynamic_extent>::type;
> +      };
> +
> +    template<typename _IndexType, size_t _Rank, size_t... _Extents>
> +      struct _Dextents<_IndexType, _Rank, _Rank, _Extents...>
> +      {
> +	using type = extents<_IndexType, _Extents...>;
> +      };
> +
> +    template<typename _Tp>
> +      struct _DynamicExtent
> +      {
> +	static constexpr size_t _S_dyn = dynamic_extent;
> +      };
> +  }
> +
> +  template<typename _IndexType, size_t _Rank>
> +    using dextents = typename __detail::_Dextents<_IndexType, 0, _Rank>::type;
> +
> +  template<typename... _Integrals>
> +    requires (is_convertible_v<_Integrals, size_t> && ...)
> +    explicit extents(_Integrals...) ->
> +      extents<size_t, __detail::_DynamicExtent<_Integrals>::_S_dyn...>;
> +
>   _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
>   }
>   #endif
> diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++23/std.cc.in b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++23/std.cc.in
> index 12253b95c5a..481e39b2821 100644
> --- a/libstdc++-v3/src/c++23/std.cc.in
> +++ b/libstdc++-v3/src/c++23/std.cc.in
> @@ -1825,7 +1825,11 @@ export namespace std
>     }
>   }
>   
> -// FIXME <mdspan>
> +// <mdspan>
> +{
> +  using std::extents;
> +  // FIXME layout_*, default_accessor and mdspan
> +}
>   
>   // 20.2 <memory>
>   export namespace std



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