C++ coding style inconsistencies

[Jeff Law]

On 06/25/2015 12:28 PM, Richard Sandiford wrote:
> Sorry in advance for inviting a bikeshed discussion, but while making
> the hashing changes that I just committed, I noticed that the C++ification
> has been done in a variety of different styles.  I ended up having to follow
> the "do what the surrounding code does" principle that some code bases have,
> but to me that's always seemed like an admission of failure.  One of the
> strengths of the GCC code base was always that it was written in a very
> consistent style.  Regardless of what you think of that style (I personally
> like it, but I know others don't at all), it was always easy to work on
> a new area of the compiler without having to learn how the surrounding code
> preferred to format things.  It would be a shame if we lost that in the
> rush to make everything "more C++".
>
> The three main inconsistencies I saw were:
>
> (1) Should inline member functions be implemented inside the class or outside
>      the class?  If inside, should they be formatted like this:
>
>         void
>         foo (args...)
>         {
>           ...;
>         }
>
>      or like this:
>
>         void
>         foo (args...)
>           {
>             ...;
>           }
>
>      (both have been used).
>
>      The coding standard is pretty clear about this one:
>
>          Define all members outside the class definition. That is, there
>          are no function bodies or member initializers inside the class
>          definition.
>
>      But in-class definitions have become very common.  Do we want
>      to revisit this?  Or do we just need more awareness of what the
>      rule is supposed to be?
>
>      [Personally I like the rule.  The danger with in-class definitions
>      is that it becomes very hard to see the interface at a glance.
>      It obviously makes things more verbose though.]
I'd say let's go with the existing rule.  I know that in-class 
definitions are relatively common, particularly if they are trivial, so 
do we want an exception for anything that fits on a single line?


>
> (2) Is there supposed to be a space before a template parameter list?
>      I.e. is it:
>
>         foo<bar>
>
>      or:
>
>         foo <bar>
>
>      ?  Both are widely used.
>
>      The current coding conventions don't say explicitly, but all the
>      examples use the second style.  It's also more in keeping with
>      convention for function parameters.  On the other hand, it could
>      be argued that the space in:
>
>         foo <bar, frob>::thing
>
>      makes the binding confusing and looks silly compared to:
>
>         foo<bar, frob>::thing
>
>      But there again, the second one might look like two unrelated
>      blobs at first glance.
I'd go with whatever gnu-ident does with these things.  I'd hate for us 
to settle on a style that requires non-default behaviour from gnu-indent.





>
> (3) Do we allow non-const references to be passed and returned by
>      non-operator functions?  Some review comments have pushed back
>      on that, but some uses have crept in.
>
>      [IMO non-const references are too easy to misread as normal
>      parameters.]
>
> In all three cases, whether the answer is A or B is less important
> than whether the answer is the same across the code base.
I could make an argument either way on this one...

jeff