Patch for builtin unlocked stdio [take 3]
Kaveh R. Ghazi
ghazi@caip.rutgers.edu
Wed Dec 12 18:50:00 GMT 2001
This is the third iteration of my patch to create builtins for the
"unlocked" (thread unsafe) stdio functions.
The only changes from the previous version are to support the
if->switch change made in expand_builtin and I also added a few more
test case updates.
This survived bootstrap and testsuite on sparc-sun-solaris2.7 with no
regressions. Okay to install?
Thanks,
--Kaveh
2001-11-27 Kaveh R. Ghazi <ghazi@caip.rutgers.edu>
* builtin-attrs.def (__builtin_printf_unlocked,
__builtin_fprintf_unlocked, printf_unlocked, fprintf_unlocked):
Mark with the __printf__ attribute.
* builtins.c (expand_builtin_fputs): Add an `unlocked' parameter
and set the replacement function depending on it.
(expand_builtin): Skip BUILT_IN_*_UNLOCKED when not optimizing.
Handle BUILT_IN_*_UNLOCKED when optimizing.
* builtins.def (DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN,
DEF_EXT_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN): New macros.
Declare the "unlocked" stdio functions.
* c-common.c (c_expand_builtin_printf, c_expand_builtin_fprintf):
Add an `unlocked' parameter and set the replacement function
depending on it.
(c_expand_builtin): Handle BUILT_IN_PRINTF_UNLOCKED and
BUILT_IN_FPRINTF_UNLOCKED.
* doc/extend.texi (printf_unlocked, fprintf_unlocked,
fputs_unlocked): Document.
testsuite:
* gcc.dg/format/builtin-1.c: Test unlocked stdio.
* gcc.dg/format/c90-printf-3.c: Likewise.
* gcc.dg/format/c99-printf-3.c: Likewise.
* gcc.dg/format/ext-1.c: Likewise.
* gcc.dg/format/ext-6.c: Likewise.
* gcc.dg/format/format.h: Prototype unlocked stdio.
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtin-attrs.def egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtin-attrs.def
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtin-attrs.def Tue Oct 2 03:12:20 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtin-attrs.def Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ DEF_ATTR_TREE_LIST (ATTR_FORMAT_ARG_2, A
-ffreestanding. */
DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT (__builtin_printf, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_1_2, true)
DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT (__builtin_fprintf, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_2_3, true)
+DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT (__builtin_printf_unlocked, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_1_2, true)
+DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT (__builtin_fprintf_unlocked, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_2_3, true)
/* Functions from ISO/IEC 9899:1990. */
#define DEF_C89_ATTR(NAME, ATTRS) DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT (NAME, ATTRS, flag_hosted)
@@ -162,5 +164,8 @@ DEF_EXT_ATTR (dgettext, ATTR_FORMAT_ARG_
DEF_EXT_ATTR (dcgettext, ATTR_FORMAT_ARG_2)
/* X/Open strfmon function. */
DEF_EXT_ATTR (strfmon, ATTR_FORMAT_STRFMON_3_4)
+/* Glibc thread-unsafe stdio functions. */
+DEF_EXT_ATTR (printf_unlocked, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_1_2)
+DEF_EXT_ATTR (fprintf_unlocked, ATTR_FORMAT_PRINTF_2_3)
#undef DEF_EXT_ATTR
#undef DEF_FN_ATTR_IDENT
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.c Tue Dec 11 16:30:27 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.c Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ static rtx expand_builtin_strrchr PARAMS
static rtx expand_builtin_alloca PARAMS ((tree, rtx));
static rtx expand_builtin_ffs PARAMS ((tree, rtx, rtx));
static rtx expand_builtin_frame_address PARAMS ((tree));
-static rtx expand_builtin_fputs PARAMS ((tree, int));
+static rtx expand_builtin_fputs PARAMS ((tree, int, int));
static tree stabilize_va_list PARAMS ((tree, int));
static rtx expand_builtin_expect PARAMS ((tree, rtx));
static tree fold_builtin_constant_p PARAMS ((tree));
@@ -3226,12 +3226,16 @@ expand_builtin_ffs (arglist, target, sub
long, we attempt to transform this call into __builtin_fputc(). */
static rtx
-expand_builtin_fputs (arglist, ignore)
+expand_builtin_fputs (arglist, ignore, unlocked)
tree arglist;
int ignore;
+ int unlocked;
{
- tree len, fn, fn_fputc = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC],
- fn_fwrite = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FWRITE];
+ tree len, fn;
+ tree fn_fputc = unlocked ? built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC_UNLOCKED]
+ : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC];
+ tree fn_fwrite = unlocked ? built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FWRITE_UNLOCKED]
+ : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FWRITE];
/* If the return value is used, or the replacement _DECL isn't
initialized, don't do the transformation. */
@@ -3520,6 +3524,12 @@ expand_builtin (exp, target, subtarget,
case BUILT_IN_FPUTC:
case BUILT_IN_FPUTS:
case BUILT_IN_FWRITE:
+ case BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_PUTS_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_PRINTF_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_FPUTC_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_FPUTS_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_FWRITE_UNLOCKED:
return expand_call (exp, target, ignore);
default:
@@ -3811,9 +3821,18 @@ expand_builtin (exp, target, subtarget,
case BUILT_IN_PUTS:
case BUILT_IN_FPUTC:
case BUILT_IN_FWRITE:
+ case BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_PUTS_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_FPUTC_UNLOCKED:
+ case BUILT_IN_FWRITE_UNLOCKED:
break;
case BUILT_IN_FPUTS:
- target = expand_builtin_fputs (arglist, ignore);
+ target = expand_builtin_fputs (arglist, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 0);
+ if (target)
+ return target;
+ break;
+ case BUILT_IN_FPUTS_UNLOCKED:
+ target = expand_builtin_fputs (arglist, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 1);
if (target)
return target;
break;
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.def egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.def
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.def Fri Dec 7 00:05:32 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/builtins.def Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -70,6 +70,15 @@ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - S
DEF_BUILTIN (ENUM, NAME, BUILT_IN_NORMAL, TYPE, TYPE, \
false, true, false)
+/* Like DEF_FALLBACK_BUILTIN, except that the function is not one that
+ is specified by ANSI/ISO C. So, when we're being fully conformant
+ we ignore the version of these builtins that does not begin with
+ __builtin. */
+#undef DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN
+#define DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(ENUM, NAME, TYPE) \
+ DEF_BUILTIN (ENUM, NAME, BUILT_IN_NORMAL, TYPE, TYPE, \
+ false, true, true)
+
/* A library builtin (like __builtin_strchr) is a builtin equivalent
of an ANSI/ISO standard library function. In addition to the
`__builtin' version, we will create an ordinary version (e.g,
@@ -111,6 +120,15 @@ Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - S
DEF_BUILTIN (ENUM, NAME, BUILT_IN_FRONTEND, TYPE, TYPE, \
true, true, false)
+/* Like DEF_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN, except that the function is not one
+ that is specified by ANSI/ISO C. So, when we're being fully
+ conformant we ignore the version of these builtins that does not
+ begin with __builtin. */
+#undef DEF_EXT_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN
+#define DEF_EXT_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN(ENUM, NAME, TYPE) \
+ DEF_BUILTIN (ENUM, NAME, BUILT_IN_FRONTEND, TYPE, TYPE, \
+ true, true, true)
+
/* A built-in that is not currently used. */
#undef DEF_UNUSED_BUILTIN
#define DEF_UNUSED_BUILTIN(X) \
@@ -369,6 +387,37 @@ DEF_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_FWRITE,
DEF_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_FPRINTF,
"__builtin_fprintf",
BT_FN_INT_PTR_CONST_STRING_VAR)
+
+/* Stdio unlocked builtins. */
+
+DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_putchar_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_INT_INT)
+DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_PUTS_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_puts_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_INT_CONST_STRING)
+DEF_EXT_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_PRINTF_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_printf_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_INT_CONST_STRING_VAR)
+DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_FPUTC_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_fputc_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_INT_INT_PTR)
+/* Declare the __builtin_ style with arguments and the regular style
+ without them. We rely on stdio.h to supply the arguments for the
+ regular style declaration since we had to use void* instead of
+ FILE* in the __builtin_ prototype supplied here. */
+DEF_BUILTIN (BUILT_IN_FPUTS_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_fputs_unlocked",
+ BUILT_IN_NORMAL,
+ BT_FN_INT_CONST_STRING_PTR,
+ BT_FN_INT_VAR,
+ true, true, true)
+DEF_EXT_FALLBACK_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_FWRITE_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_fwrite_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_SIZE_CONST_PTR_SIZE_SIZE_PTR)
+DEF_EXT_FRONT_END_LIB_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_FPRINTF_UNLOCKED,
+ "__builtin_fprintf_unlocked",
+ BT_FN_INT_PTR_CONST_STRING_VAR)
/* ISO C99 floating point unordered comparisons. */
DEF_GCC_BUILTIN(BUILT_IN_ISGREATER,
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/c-common.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/c-common.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/c-common.c Tue Dec 11 16:30:27 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/c-common.c Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -647,9 +647,9 @@ combine_strings (strings)
static int is_valid_printf_arglist PARAMS ((tree));
static rtx c_expand_builtin PARAMS ((tree, rtx, enum machine_mode, enum expand_modifier));
static rtx c_expand_builtin_printf PARAMS ((tree, rtx, enum machine_mode,
- enum expand_modifier, int));
+ enum expand_modifier, int, int));
static rtx c_expand_builtin_fprintf PARAMS ((tree, rtx, enum machine_mode,
- enum expand_modifier, int));
+ enum expand_modifier, int, int));
/* Print a warning if a constant expression had overflow in folding.
Invoke this function on every expression that the language
@@ -3593,14 +3593,28 @@ c_expand_builtin (exp, target, tmode, mo
{
case BUILT_IN_PRINTF:
target = c_expand_builtin_printf (arglist, target, tmode,
- modifier, ignore);
+ modifier, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 0);
+ if (target)
+ return target;
+ break;
+
+ case BUILT_IN_PRINTF_UNLOCKED:
+ target = c_expand_builtin_printf (arglist, target, tmode,
+ modifier, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 1);
if (target)
return target;
break;
case BUILT_IN_FPRINTF:
target = c_expand_builtin_fprintf (arglist, target, tmode,
- modifier, ignore);
+ modifier, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 0);
+ if (target)
+ return target;
+ break;
+
+ case BUILT_IN_FPRINTF_UNLOCKED:
+ target = c_expand_builtin_fprintf (arglist, target, tmode,
+ modifier, ignore,/*unlocked=*/ 1);
if (target)
return target;
break;
@@ -3653,15 +3667,18 @@ is_valid_printf_arglist (arglist)
/* If the arguments passed to printf are suitable for optimizations,
we attempt to transform the call. */
static rtx
-c_expand_builtin_printf (arglist, target, tmode, modifier, ignore)
+c_expand_builtin_printf (arglist, target, tmode, modifier, ignore, unlocked)
tree arglist;
rtx target;
enum machine_mode tmode;
enum expand_modifier modifier;
int ignore;
+ int unlocked;
{
- tree fn_putchar = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR],
- fn_puts = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTS];
+ tree fn_putchar = unlocked ?
+ built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR_UNLOCKED] : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTCHAR];
+ tree fn_puts = unlocked ?
+ built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTS_UNLOCKED] : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_PUTS];
tree fn, format_arg, stripped_string;
/* If the return value is used, or the replacement _DECL isn't
@@ -3754,15 +3771,18 @@ c_expand_builtin_printf (arglist, target
/* If the arguments passed to fprintf are suitable for optimizations,
we attempt to transform the call. */
static rtx
-c_expand_builtin_fprintf (arglist, target, tmode, modifier, ignore)
+c_expand_builtin_fprintf (arglist, target, tmode, modifier, ignore, unlocked)
tree arglist;
rtx target;
enum machine_mode tmode;
enum expand_modifier modifier;
int ignore;
+ int unlocked;
{
- tree fn_fputc = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC],
- fn_fputs = built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTS];
+ tree fn_fputc = unlocked ?
+ built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC_UNLOCKED] : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTC];
+ tree fn_fputs = unlocked ?
+ built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTS_UNLOCKED] : built_in_decls[BUILT_IN_FPUTS];
tree fn, format_arg, stripped_string;
/* If the return value is used, or the replacement _DECL isn't
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/doc/extend.texi egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/doc/extend.texi
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/doc/extend.texi Tue Dec 11 16:30:43 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/doc/extend.texi Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -2081,7 +2081,8 @@ warnings are requested (using @option{-W
modify the header file @file{stdio.h}. In C99 mode, the functions
@code{snprintf}, @code{vsnprintf}, @code{vscanf}, @code{vfscanf} and
@code{vsscanf} are also checked. Except in strictly conforming C
-standard modes, the X/Open function @code{strfmon} is also checked.
+standard modes, the X/Open function @code{strfmon} is also checked as
+are @code{printf_unlocked} and @code{fprintf_unlocked}.
@xref{C Dialect Options,,Options Controlling C Dialect}.
@item format_arg (@var{string-index})
@@ -4297,7 +4298,9 @@ v4si f (v4si a, v4si b, v4si c)
@findex fabsl
@findex ffs
@findex fprintf
+@findex fprintf_unlocked
@findex fputs
+@findex fputs_unlocked
@findex imaxabs
@findex index
@findex labs
@@ -4306,6 +4309,7 @@ v4si f (v4si a, v4si b, v4si c)
@findex memcpy
@findex memset
@findex printf
+@findex printf_unlocked
@findex rindex
@findex sin
@findex sinf
@@ -4353,8 +4357,9 @@ in. @code{_exit} is not recognized in s
strict C89 mode (@option{-ansi} or @option{-std=c89}).
Outside strict ISO C mode, the functions @code{alloca}, @code{bcmp},
-@code{bzero}, @code{index}, @code{rindex} and @code{ffs} may be handled
-as built-in functions. All these functions have corresponding versions
+@code{bzero}, @code{index}, @code{rindex}, @code{ffs}, @code{fputs_unlocked},
+@code{printf_unlocked} and @code{fprintf_unlocked} may be handled as
+built-in functions. All these functions have corresponding versions
prefixed with @code{__builtin_}, which may be used even in strict C89
mode.
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/builtin-1.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/builtin-1.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/builtin-1.c Sat Sep 22 15:06:29 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/builtin-1.c Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -14,4 +14,9 @@ foo (int i)
__builtin_fprintf (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "__builtin_fprintf" } */
__builtin_printf ("%d", i);
__builtin_printf ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "__builtin_printf" } */
+
+ __builtin_fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%d", i);
+ __builtin_fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "__builtin_fprintf_unlocked" } */
+ __builtin_printf_unlocked ("%d", i);
+ __builtin_printf_unlocked ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "__builtin_printf_unlocked" } */
}
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c90-printf-3.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c90-printf-3.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c90-printf-3.c Sun Jan 7 05:44:59 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c90-printf-3.c Wed Dec 12 08:09:46 2001
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ foo (int i, char *s, size_t n, va_list v
fprintf (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "fprintf" } */
printf ("%d", i);
printf ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "printf" } */
+ /* The "unlocked" functions shouldn't warn in c90 mode. */
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-bogus "format" "fprintf_unlocked" } */
+ printf_unlocked ("%ld", i); /* { dg-bogus "format" "printf_unlocked" } */
sprintf (s, "%d", i);
sprintf (s, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "sprintf" } */
vfprintf (stdout, "%d", v0);
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c99-printf-3.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c99-printf-3.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c99-printf-3.c Sun Jan 7 05:44:59 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/c99-printf-3.c Wed Dec 12 08:09:39 2001
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ foo (int i, char *s, size_t n, va_list v
fprintf (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "fprintf" } */
printf ("%d", i);
printf ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "printf" } */
+ /* The "unlocked" functions shouldn't warn in c99 mode. */
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-bogus "format" "fprintf_unlocked" } */
+ printf_unlocked ("%ld", i); /* { dg-bogus "format" "printf_unlocked" } */
sprintf (s, "%d", i);
sprintf (s, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "sprintf" } */
snprintf (s, n, "%d", i);
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-1.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-1.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-1.c Sun Jan 7 05:44:59 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-1.c Wed Dec 12 08:04:11 2001
@@ -116,4 +116,11 @@ foo (quad_t q, u_quad_t uq, quad_t *qn,
printf ("%IC", lc); /* { dg-warning "flag" "bad use of I flag" } */
printf ("%IS", ls); /* { dg-warning "flag" "bad use of I flag" } */
printf ("%Im"); /* { dg-warning "flag" "bad use of I flag" } */
+
+ /* As an extension, GCC does format checking on "unlocked"
+ i.e. thread unsafe versions of these functions. */
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%d", i);
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "fprintf_unlocked" } */
+ printf_unlocked ("%d", i);
+ printf_unlocked ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "printf_unlocked" } */
}
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-6.c egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-6.c
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-6.c Sat Sep 22 15:06:29 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/ext-6.c Wed Dec 12 08:10:59 2001
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ foo (int i, char *s, size_t n, int *ip,
fprintf (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "fprintf" } */
printf ("%d", i);
printf ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "printf" } */
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%d", i);
+ fprintf_unlocked (stdout, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "fprintf_unlocked" } */
+ printf_unlocked ("%d", i);
+ printf_unlocked ("%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "printf_unlocked" } */
sprintf (s, "%d", i);
sprintf (s, "%ld", i); /* { dg-warning "format" "sprintf" } */
snprintf (s, n, "%d", i);
diff -rup orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/format.h egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/format.h
--- orig/egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/format.h Sun Jan 7 05:44:59 2001
+++ egcc-CVS20011211/gcc/testsuite/gcc.dg/format/format.h Wed Dec 12 07:53:57 2001
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ extern FILE *stdout;
extern int fprintf (FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
extern int printf (const char *restrict, ...);
+extern int fprintf_unlocked (FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
+extern int printf_unlocked (const char *restrict, ...);
extern int sprintf (char *restrict, const char *restrict, ...);
extern int vfprintf (FILE *restrict, const char *restrict, va_list);
extern int vprintf (const char *restrict, va_list);
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