[Bug c++/63515] Deduced number of parameters can be deduced from unrelated type

[pinskia at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=63515

--- Comment #4 from Andrew Pinski <pinskia at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
The shorter example works in C++17 mode in GCC 7+.  It is still rejected in
C++11 and C++14 (hitting the assert).
clang accepts the shorter example in all modes.
ICC rejects it with the assert in all modes.
MSVC accepts it in at least C++latest mode (I did not try others).



The original example fails in C++17 mode still (and gives the same error
message as C++14 mode):
<source>: In instantiation of 'struct CurriedImpl<-894, std::function<int(int,
int)>, int, int>':
<source>:16:8:   recursively required from 'struct CurriedImpl<-2,
std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>'
<source>:16:8:   required from 'struct CurriedImpl<-1, std::function<int(int,
int)>, int, int>'
/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-trunk-20210809/include/c++/12.0.0/type_traits:2924:69:
  required by substitution of 'template<class _Tp, class> static std::true_type
std::__is_invocable_impl<std::__invoke_result<CurriedImpl<1,
std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>&, int, int>, int, false,
void>::_S_test(int) [with _Tp = int; <template-parameter-1-2> = <missing>]'
/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-trunk-20210809/include/c++/12.0.0/type_traits:2933:42:
  required from 'struct
std::__is_invocable_impl<std::__invoke_result<CurriedImpl<1,
std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>&, int, int>, int, false, void>'
/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-trunk-20210809/include/c++/12.0.0/bits/std_function.h:334:9:
  required from 'struct std::function<int(int, int)>::_Callable<CurriedImpl<1,
std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>, std::__invoke_result<CurriedImpl<1,
std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>&, int, int> >'
/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-trunk-20210809/include/c++/12.0.0/bits/std_function.h:344:8:
  required by substitution of 'template<class _Res, class ... _ArgTypes>
template<class _Cond, class _Tp> using _Requires = typename
std::enable_if<_Cond::value, _Tp>::type [with _Cond = std::function<int(int,
int)>::_Callable<CurriedImpl<1, std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>,
std::__invoke_result<CurriedImpl<1, std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>&,
int, int> >; _Tp = void; _Res = int; _ArgTypes = {int, int}]'
/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-trunk-20210809/include/c++/12.0.0/bits/std_function.h:413:9:
  required by substitution of 'template<class _Functor, class, class>
std::function<int(int, int)>::function(_Functor) [with _Functor =
CurriedImpl<1, std::function<int(int, int)>, int, int>;
<template-parameter-1-2> = void; <template-parameter-1-3> = <missing>]'
<source>:25:17:   required from 'CurriedImpl<(Depth - 1), F, Args ...>
CurriedImpl<Depth, F, Args>::operator()(const First&) [with First = int; int
Depth = 1; F = std::function<int(int, int)>; Args = {int, int}]'
<source>:49:9:   required from here
<source>:16:8: fatal error: template instantiation depth exceeds maximum of 900
(use '-ftemplate-depth=' to increase the maximum)
   16 | struct CurriedImpl : public CurriedImpl<Depth-1,F,Args...>
      |        ^~~~~~~~~~~


clang accepts it in C++11-C++20 modes.
ICC hits assert.
MSVC hits the recursiveness.