Originally reported by cpu in https://bugs.gentoo.org/844091. Here is my attempt at minimizing it:

//$ cat main.c
struct {
  long users;
  long size;
  char *data;
} * main_trans;
void *main___trans_tmp_1;
int sprintf(char *, char *, ...);
int main() {
  int users = 0;
  struct {
    long users;
    long size;
    char *data;
    int links[users];
    char buf[];
  } *trans = trans;
  trans->data = trans->buf;
  main___trans_tmp_1 = trans;
  main_trans = main___trans_tmp_1;
  sprintf(main_trans->data, "test");
}


$ /tmp/gb/gcc/xgcc -B/tmp/gb/gcc -c -Wall -O2 -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer main.c
during GIMPLE pass: strlen
main.c: In function ‘main’:
main.c:8:5: internal compiler error: in tree_to_shwi, at tree.cc:6369
    8 | int main() {
      |     ^~~~
0x1116ade tree_to_shwi(tree_node const*)
        gcc/tree.cc:6369
0x1116b36 int_byte_position(tree_node const*)
        gcc/tree.cc:3616
0x1cd1ce8 get_origin_and_offset_r
        gcc/gimple-ssa-sprintf.cc:2354
0x1cd1845 get_origin_and_offset_r
        gcc/gimple-ssa-sprintf.cc:2307
0x1cd1f29 get_origin_and_offset_r
        gcc/gimple-ssa-sprintf.cc:2370
0x1cd64ce get_origin_and_offset
        gcc/gimple-ssa-sprintf.cc:2427
0x1cd64ce handle_printf_call(gimple_stmt_iterator*, pointer_query&)
        gcc/gimple-ssa-sprintf.cc:4703
0x103ff10 strlen_pass::check_and_optimize_call(bool*)
        gcc/tree-ssa-strlen.cc:5461
0x103ffb3 strlen_pass::check_and_optimize_stmt(bool*)
        gcc/tree-ssa-strlen.cc:5665
0x1040326 strlen_pass::before_dom_children(basic_block_def*)
        gcc/tree-ssa-strlen.cc:5849
0x1c5d56b dom_walker::walk(basic_block_def*)
        gcc/domwalk.cc:309
0x10409cf printf_strlen_execute
        gcc/tree-ssa-strlen.cc:5908
0x1040c58 execute
        gcc/tree-ssa-strlen.cc:6007

I seem to be able to reproduce ICE on: 10.3.0, 11.3.0, 12.1.0.
This does not ICE: 9.3.0

$ /tmp/gb/gcc/xgcc -B/tmp/gb/gcc -v

Reading specs from /tmp/gb/gcc/specs
COLLECT_GCC=/tmp/gb/gcc/xgcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/tmp/gb/gcc/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Configured with: /home/slyfox/dev/git/gcc/configure --disable-multilib --disable-bootstrap --with-native-system-header-dir=/<<NIX>>/glibc-2.34-115-dev/include --prefix=/tmp/gb/__td__ CFLAGS='-O1 -ggdb3' CXXFLAGS='-O1 -ggdb3' LDFLAGS='-O1 -ggdb3'
Thread model: posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 13.0.0 20220514 (experimental) (GCC)