[v3] <functional> minus <string>

["Benjamin Kosnik" <bkoz at redhat dot com>]

This is a prototype-patch for $SUBJECT. I believe that the idea is
conformant: class std::hash is not specialized, but instead the
operator member function is explicitly specialized, allowing forward
declarations to work.

By doing this, it is much easier to deal with <algorithm> and
<numeric>, and replacements.

There is more that could be done here, ie, the list of primes (and
functional_hash.cc to hash.cc?) . I'm open to doing that too, but
would like to start here.

Thoughts?

tested x86/linux

-benjamin

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