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In message <14018.60839.325601.426391@cetus.cygnus.com>you write: > c89 and c9x say that enumerations have to act like some other integer type. > Which integer type is implementation defined, and can vary from enumeration > to enumeration, but it has to be capable of representing all the values > in the enumeration. Yes the underlying type must be capable of representing all the values for the enum. But does the enum restrict the actual values which can be used with the expected results? My quick read of the C++ standard made it appear as if assigning a value that was not a member of the enum resulted in undefined results. Is this possibly a case where C++ and C differ? jeff