Consider the following example:

===================================================

template<typename T> struct B {
  void f(int i) { }
  void f2() { }
};

template<typename T> struct D : public B<T> {
  int foo(int i) {
    return i;
  }
  void g() {
    // f(42);   // (1)
    f(foo(42)); // (2)
    // f2();    // (3)
  }
}; 

struct E : public D<int> {
  void h() {
    g();
  }
};

=====================================================

This compiles fine with g++ 4.5.2.
If one of the lines (1) or (2) is uncommented, the compilation fails with:

dependent2.cpp:11: error: there are no arguments to ‘f’ that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of ‘f’ must be available
dependent2.cpp:13: error: there are no arguments to ‘f2’ that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of ‘f2’ must be available

I think the compilation of the call 'f(foo(42))' should fail for the same reason.

Regards,
Volker